A molecular phylogenetic assessment of<i>Massarina ingoldiana sensu lato</i>

Hirayama, Kazuyuki; Tanaka, Kazuaki; Raja, Huzefa A.; Miller, Andrew N.; Shearer, Carol A.

doi:10.3852/09-230

Cited by 60 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…Morphological studies and fungal isolates Specimens of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema from the herbarium of Hirosaki University (HHUF) ( Table 1) were used for microscopic observation following the method described by Hirayama et al (2010). Special attention was given to key characters used in the delimitation of (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These extracellular structures are generally considered adaptations to aquatic or humid habitats, better enabling the ascospores to attach to substrates (Shearer 1993;Jones 2006;Vijaykrishna et al 2006). The phylogenetic significance of spore appendages for generic separation is therefore considered doubtful, because these may evolve convergently among unrelated taxa in aquatic habitats (Hirayama et al 2010).…”

Section: Morphological Circumscriptions Of Lophiostoma and Lophiotremamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 1,300 nucleotides at the 5 0 -end of the partial SSU and LSU nrDNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primer pairs NS1-NS4 for the SSU (White et al 1990) and LROR-LR7 for the LSU (Rehner and Samuels 1994). Methods of DNA extraction and PCR amplification have been described by Hirayama et al (2010). The SSU and LSU sequences of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema species were aligned alongside those of related species from GenBank ( Table 2).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyde (Shearer and Hyde 1997;Hyde et al 2002), occurring in freshwater habitats, were transferred to Lindgomyces K. Hiray. et al based on analyses of the small and large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (SSU and LSU nrDNA) and morphological reevaluation Hirayama et al 2010). Lophiostoma mangrovei Kohlm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic revision of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema based on reevaluation of morphological characters and molecular analyses

Hirayama

Tanaka

2011

Mycoscience

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Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema share several morphological and ecological features. They have been regarded as closely related genera within the family Lophiostomataceae, but their morphological circumscriptions have been uncertain. To clarify the generic definitions of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of 29 isolates of these genera based on the SSU and LSU nrDNA sequences, and also reevaluated several key characters previously used for their generic characterization. Our results clearly confirmed that Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema are distinct genera belonging to different families; the ascus shape, including length of the ascus stipe, is a reliable taxonomic indicator to allow discrimination between the genera. In Lophiostoma species, asci are clavate with relatively long stipes [mostly (10-) 15-30 lm in length], whereas in Lophiotrema the asci are cylindrical with short stipes (up to 15 lm long). A new family, Lophiotremataceae, is proposed to accommodate species in the Lophiotrema clade that was distantly placed from the Lophiostomataceae within the Pleosporales. Lophiostoma quadrisporum, collected from twigs of Liriodendron tulipifera, is described as a new species with distinctive 4-spored asci. Lophiotrema vitigenum, which has clavate asci with long stipes, is transferred to Lophiostoma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Circumscriptions Of Lophiostoma and Lophiotremamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic revision of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema based on reevaluation of morphological characters and molecular analyses

Hirayama

Tanaka

2011

Mycoscience

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“…DNA extraction and amplification.-Detailed protocols for DNA extraction and PCR amplification were described by Hirayama et al (2010). DNA from mycelia was extracted with the ISOPLANT Kit (Nippon Gene Co., Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freshwater Ascomycetes: Minutisphaera (Dothideomycetes) revisited, including one new species from Japan

Raja¹,

Oberlies²,

Figueroa

et al. 2013

Mycologia

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During investigations of freshwater ascomycetes we found one interesting taxon from Aomori (Japan), as well as three additional taxa from North Carolina (USA), which were morphologically similar to Minutisphaera, a recently described freshwater fungus in the Dothideomycetes. The ascomata of all the collections bore dark hair-like structures around the ostiolar region, obovoid to obclavate bitunicate asci, and one to three septate hyaline to brown ascospores with a sheath (in material from Japan), and with both sheath and appendages (in material from the USA). The apothecial ascomata of these taxa, however, differ from those of the type species of the genus, which are perithecial. Two collections of Minutisphaera-like fungi from the USA were morphologically quite similar but differed in ascospore size. To assess the phylogenetic affinities of Minutisphaera-like taxa with the type species, M. fimbriatispora, we sequenced 18S and 28S nrDNA of five newly collected strains of Minutisphaera. We also sequenced the nrDNA for the entire internal transcribed spacer region of 10 strains to assess interspecific and intraspecific variation with M. fimbriatispora. Additionally we examined the secondary metabolite profiles of two strains from USA. Based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined 18S and 28S, and separate ITS sequences, as well as examination of morphology, we describe and illustrate a new species, M. japonica. One collection from North Carolina is confirmed as M. fimbriatispora, while two other collections are Minutisphaera-like fungi that had a number of similar diagnostic morphological characters but differed only slightly in ascospore sizes. The phylogeny inferred from the internal transcribed spacer region suggested that two out of the three North Carolina collections may be novel and perhaps cryptic species within Minutisphaera. Organic extracts of Minutisphaera from USA, M. fimbriatispora (G155-1) and Minutisphaera-like taxon (G156-1), revealed the presence of palmitic acid and (E)-hexadec-9-en-1-ol as major chemical constituents. We discuss the placement of the Minutisphaera clade within the Dothideomycetes. The description of the genus Minutisphaera is emended to accommodate M. japonica within Minutisphaera. Abstract: During investigations of freshwater ascomycetes we found one interesting taxon from Aomori (Japan), as well as three additional taxa from North Carolina (USA), which were morphologically similar to Minutisphaera, a recently described freshwater fungus in the Dothideomycetes. The ascomata of all the collections bore dark hair-like structures around the ostiolar region, obovoid to obclavate bitunicate asci, and one to three septate hyaline to brown ascospores with a sheath (in material from Japan), and with both sheath and appendages (in material from the USA). The apothecial ascomata of these taxa, however, differ from those of the type species of the genus, which are perithecial. Two collections of Minutisphaera-like fungi from the USA were morphologically quite similar but d...

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Freshwater Fungi

Raja

Shearer

Tsui

2018

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The shift from terrestrial to freshwater ecosystems is accompanied by a dramatic shift in the decomposer fungal assemblages. The life cycle of freshwater fungi complicates our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships in this group. The freshwater ascomycetes (teleomorphs) often have asexual states (referred to as anamorphs or mitosporic states) in their life cycles. The asexual states of freshwater ascomycetes are often adapted to aquatic life by producing spores (conidia) that are long and filamentous or branched; this facilitates their attachment to substrates in moving water. Some species have conidia that are tightly coiled to trap air or are hydrophobic and hollow; these adaptations allow them to float on the surface of water until they attach to a new substrate. The main ecological functions of freshwater fungi involve the breakdown of leaves, conifer needles, wood and other sources of coarse‐particulate organic matter. Training students in this field of fungi is imperative given the increase in global transportation of microbes, the rapid loss of healthy freshwater habitats due to human perturbation and global warming, the serious problem of antibiotic resistance and the rarity of trained taxonomists and molecular systematists in the field of mycology. Key Concepts Freshwater fungi are an ecological group of fungi and comprise both the meiosporic and mitosporic ascomycetes. They are important decomposers in freshwater habitats as they produce different types of enzymes to breakdown organic matter. The meiosporic ascomycetes are adapted to fresh water as their ascospores are equipped with gelatinous appendages or sheaths that are thought to help them attach to substrates in flowing or moving water. The mitosporic ascomycetes are adapted to freshwater habitats as they produce conidia, which are branched or long and filamentous, or have conidia which trap air for buoyancy and/or are hydrophobic. Freshwater fungi are understudied source of novel secondary metabolites. Phylogenetic studies on freshwater ascomycetes have shown that some species cluster with terrestrial ascomycete lineages while others belong in exclusive aquatic lineages. Distributional patterns of freshwater ascomycetes show distinct latitudinal and elevational structuring, but additional comparative studies are required to better predict distribution patterns of freshwater fungi. Species composition varies between lentic and lotic habitats, but more studies are warranted. Some species are distributed worldwide in similar habitats – A pantropical distribution of freshwater ascomycetes exists. As threats to freshwater biodiversity escalate, there is an urgent need to survey, collect and isolate freshwater fungal species, especially the poorly known but important taxa from the remaining high‐quality habitats. The knowledge of this group is essential to our understanding of ascomycete systematics in general as well as the systematics of freshwater ascomycete fungi.

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A molecular phylogenetic assessment ofMassarina ingoldiana sensu lato

Cited by 60 publications

References 34 publications

Taxonomic revision of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema based on reevaluation of morphological characters and molecular analyses

Taxonomic revision of Lophiostoma and Lophiotrema based on reevaluation of morphological characters and molecular analyses

Freshwater Ascomycetes: Minutisphaera (Dothideomycetes) revisited, including one new species from Japan

Freshwater Fungi

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