A Molecular Link between Stem Cell Regulation and Floral Patterning in Arabidopsis

Lohmann, Jan U.; Hong, Ray L.; Hobe, Martin; Busch, Maximilian A.; Parcy, François; Simon, Rüdiger; Weigel, Detlef

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00384-1

Cited by 612 publications

(661 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Another strong evidence in favor of a competition for the formation of complexes of MADSbox transcription factors is provided by the phenotype of pAP3::WUS transgenic flowers. As a result of AG activation by WUS, AG expression level is increased in the third whorl, causing stamens to become carpelloid (Lohmann et al, 2001). Thus, increasing the dose of AG within a domain where it is normally already present together with both AP3 and PI is sufficient to promote the female program, at the expense of the male one.…”

Section: Fm Termination Relies On a Complex Multilevel Activation Of Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3): WUS mRNA becomes undetectable at this stage in wild-type flowers (Mayer et al, 1998), but remains continuously expressed in the everlasting FM of ag mutant flowers, a phenomenon that is both necessary and sufficient to oppose FM termination (Lenhard et al, 2001;Lohmann et al, 2001). It is worth noting that this effect is specific to WUS, as prolonged expression of another promeristematic gene, STM, contrary to that of WUS, does not affect FM termination (Lenhard et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Time to Stop: Flower Meristem Termination

Prunet¹,

Morel²,

Negrutiu³

et al. 2009

Plant Physiol.

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Section: Fm Termination Relies On a Complex Multilevel Activation Of Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Time to Stop: Flower Meristem Termination

Prunet¹,

Morel²,

Negrutiu³

et al. 2009

Plant Physiol.

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“…In addition, LFY activates floral homeotic genes and their cofactors (Busch et al, 2001;Lamb et al, 2002;Parcy et al, 1998;Schmid et al, 2003;Weigel and Meyerowitz, 1993;William et al, 2004). These functions are generally preserved in other angiosperms, although FLO/LFY has acquired additional roles in some plants such as pea (Ahearn et al, 2001;Bomblies et al, 2003;Coen et al, 1990;Hofer et al, 1997;MolineroRosales et al, 1999;Schultz and Haughn, 1991;Souer et al, 1998;Weigel et al, 1992).…”

Section: Evolution Of Flo/lfy Genes and Body Plan In Land Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Arabidopsis thaliana, LFY plays a central role in a gene network that controls flower development (Ng and Yanofsky, 2000). LFY integrates environmental and endogenous signals that control the timing of the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase (Blázquez and Weigel, 2000) and interacts with other transcription factors to activate the transcription of floral homeotic genes that control the identity of floral organs (Busch et al, 1999;Lamb et al, 2002;Lohmann et al, 2001;Parcy et al, 1998;Wagner et al, 1999). FLO/LFY functions are largely conserved in flowering plants, even in distantly related species (Ahearn et al, 2001; Bomblies et al, 2003; After fertilization, the zygote undergoes dynamic changes in chromosomal and cytoplasmic organization, and begins the cell cycles that eventually lead to formation of the multicellular embryo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of gene function: homologs of the floral regulatorFLO/LFYcontrol the first zygotic cell division in the mossPhyscomitrella patens

et al. 2005

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After fertilization, the zygote undergoes dynamic changes in chromosomal and cytoplasmic organization, and begins the cell cycles that eventually lead to formation of the multicellular embryo. Specific transcription factors that initiate this cascade of events in land plants have not been identified. We have identified two FLO/LFY genes, PpLFY1 and PpLFY2, that regulate the first cell division after formation of the zygote in the moss Physcomitrella patens. The deduced amino acid sequences of the two PpLFY genes are 94.8% identical to each other and show similar expression patterns. While fertilization occurred in the PpLFY disruptants, the development of double disruptant zygotes was arrested at the single-cell stage. When the double disruptants, as the female parent, were crossed with the wild type, as the male parent, normal sporophytes were formed, supporting the notion that the PpLFY genes function after fertilization to regulate the first mitotic cell division in zygotes. The rare sporophytes that formed on the PpLFY double disruptants showed mostly normal organogenesis, but had abnormalities in the pattern of cell division, supporting a role of PpLFY genes in regulating cell division. The FLO/LFY genes in angiosperms are conserved master regulators of floral identity without any obvious effects on cell division. By contrast, our study suggests that FLO/LFY genes have functions throughout sporophyte development in the basal land plant lineages.

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“…In addition to specifying stamen and carpel identities, Arabidopsis AG controls floral determinacy by repressing the expression of WUS, a gene that maintains stem cell fates (Laux et al 1996;Schoof et al 2000;Lenhard et al 2001;Lohmann et al 2001;Baurle and Laux 2005;Kieffer et al 2006). To determine if the loss of floral determinacy in 35S∷AP2m3 lines could be due to reduced expression of NbAG, we identified NbAG and studied its mRNA levels by semi-quantitative RT-PCR (Fig.…”

Section: Arabidopsis Ap2 Induces Floral Patterning Defects In N Bentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana

et al. 2006

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Floral patterning and morphogenesis are controlled by many transcription factors including floral homeotic proteins, by which floral organ identity is determined. Recent studies have uncovered widespread regulation of transcription factors by microRNAs (miRNAs), ~21-nucleotide noncoding RNAs that regulate protein-coding RNAs through transcript cleavage and/or translational inhibition. The regulation of the floral homeotic gene APETALA2 (AP2) by miR172 is crucial for normal Arabidopsis flower development and is likely to be conserved across plant species. Here we probe the activity of the AP2/miR172 regulatory circuit in a heterologous Solanaceae species, Nicotiana benthamiana. We generated transgenic N. benthamiana lines expressing Arabidopsis wild type AP2 (35S∷AP2), miR172-resistant AP2 mutant (35S∷AP2m3) and MIR172a-1 (35S∷MIR172) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. 35S∷AP2m3 plants accumulated high levels of AP2 mRNA and protein and exhibited floral patterning defects that included proliferation of numerous petals, stamens and carpels indicating loss of floral determinacy. On the other hand, nearly all 35S∷AP2 plants accumulated barely detectable levels of AP2 mRNA or protein and were essentially non-phenotypic. Overall, the data indicated that expression of the wild type Arabidopsis AP2 transgene was repressed at the mRNA level by an endogenous N. benthamiana miR172 homologue that could be detected using Arabidopsis miR172 probe. Interestingly, 35S∷MIR172 plants had sepal-to-petal transformations and/or more sepals and petals, suggesting interference with N. benthamiana normal floral homeotic gene function in perianth organs. Our studies uncover the potential utility of the Arabidopsis AP2/miR172 system as a tool for manipulation of floral architecture and flowering time in non-model plants.

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A Molecular Link between Stem Cell Regulation and Floral Patterning in Arabidopsis

Cited by 612 publications

References 52 publications

Time to Stop: Flower Meristem Termination

Time to Stop: Flower Meristem Termination

Diversification of gene function: homologs of the floral regulatorFLO/LFYcontrol the first zygotic cell division in the mossPhyscomitrella patens

Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana

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