A Mokken analysis of the Dark Triad ‘Dirty Dozen’: Sex and age differences in scale structures, and issues with individual items

Carter, Gregory Louis; Campbell, Anne; Muncer, Steven; Carter, Katherine A.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.04.012

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As such, the Machiavellianism subscale of the Dirty Dozen is more strongly correlated with the SRP-III than with the Mach-IV (Carter, Campbell, Muncer, & Carter, 2015), which was also found in this study. Interestingly, contrary to previous work that suggests a stronger concordance between the Short-D3 and Mach-IV, the present study found that the relationships between Machiavellianism and delayed gratification were more similar for the Dirty Dozen and Mach-IV.…”

Section: Measurement Issues With the Dark Triadsupporting

confidence: 88%

Relationships between the Dark Triad and Delayed Gratification: An Evolutionary Perspective

Baughman¹,

Jonason²,

Vernon³

2016

Personality and Individual Differences

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The Dark Triad (i.e., psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism) is a cluster of socially aversive personality traits that account for the "darker" side of human behavior.While traditional views have focused on the maladaptive nature of these traits, recent work in the field of evolutionary psychology suggests these traits may be adaptive in terms of self-serving behavior. The Dark Triad traits may also be a manifestation of a particular life strategy that an individual engages in; one that is characterized by immediate gratification and risk-taking. The present study examined links between the Dark Triad traits and ability to delay gratification in a sample of 364 undergraduate students (136 males). Psychopathy was the most strongly linked to an inability to delay gratification, followed by Machiavellianism and narcissism. Sex also moderated these relationships, such that women who scored high on Machiavellianism were less likely to delay gratification than men; however, these associations were no longer significant when a more conservative Bonferroni correction was applied. Findings are discussed within the evolutionary framework of Life History Theory.

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Section: Measurement Issues With the Dark Triadsupporting

confidence: 88%

Relationships between the Dark Triad and Delayed Gratification: An Evolutionary Perspective

Baughman¹,

Jonason²,

Vernon³

2016

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Moreover, convergent validity with other Dark Triad measures and personality traits, predictive validity for relevant outcomes, and the appropriateness of modelling a common latent Dark Triad factor was shown (e.g., Garcia et al, 2017;Jonason et al, 2011;Jonason & McCain, 2012;Jonason & Webster, 2010;Küfner et al, 2014;Spurk et al, 2015). Besides these positive characteristics of the scale, recent studies also criticise the scale because due to its shortness the single subscales seem to not cover the whole breadth of the underlying Dark Triad sub-traits (e.g., Carter, Campbell, Muncer, & Carter, 2015;Jones & Paulhus, 2014;Maples, Lamkin, & Miller, 2014;Miller et al, 2012). This should be considered when interpreting the results about the Dark Triad sub-traits within this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Triad and competitive psychological climate at work: A model of reciprocal relationships in dependence of age and organization change

Spurk

Hirschi

2018

European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology

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Integrating an interactionist model of personality development, the cumulative continuity model of personality development, and selection-evocation-manipulation theory, the present study analysed reciprocal relations of the Dark Triad common core and its sub-traits of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism with competitive psychological climate. Moreover, within a large (N = 1,185) and longitudinal sample of employees from Germany, latent cross-lagged panel analyses were applied to analyse the moderating roles of age and organization change (i.e., organizational turnover). Overall, results revealed positive reciprocal relations between the Dark Triad common core, its sub-traits, and competitive psychological climate. The Dark Triad common core and Machiavellianism were more stable within the older (50 to 59 years) compared to the younger (25 to 34 years) age group. However, we found no age differences for the relation between competitive psychological climate and change in the Dark Triad common core or its sub-traits. Among employees who changed organizations, the Dark Triad common core, narcissism, and psychopathy were more strongly positively related to the change in competitive psychological climate than in the non-change group. This suggests stronger selection compared to evocationmanipulation effects for individuals with high values in the Dark Triad common core, narcissism, and psychopathy, but not for Machiavellianism.

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“…Despite its limited validity and psychometric limitations (Carter, Campbell, Muncer, & Carter, 2015;Maples, Lamkin, & Miller, 2014;Miller et al, 2012), we wanted to test the robustness of the correlations reported in Study 1 in another brief measures of the Dark Triad, the Dirty Dozen (Jonason & Webster, 2010). Participants were asked how much they agreed (1 ¼ Not at all; 5 ¼ Very much) with statements such as ''I have used deceit or lied to get my way'' (i.e., Machiavellianism), ''I tend to want others to admire me'' (i.e., narcissism), and ''I tend to lack remorse'' (i.e., psychopathy), and items were averaged together to create an index of Machiavellianism (Cronbach's a ¼ .76), narcissism (a ¼ .83), and psychopathy (a ¼ .83).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resources, Harshness, and Unpredictability

2016

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We sought to test the hypothesis that the Dark Triad traits are condition-dependent responses to a particular set of socioecological conditions in childhood. In three cross-sectional studies (N ¼ 1,403), we examined how the Dark Triad traits were correlated with measures of resource availability, harshness, and unpredictability in one's childhood and adulthood. The Dark Triad traits were correlated with self-reports of an unpredictable childhood when using both the Short Dark Triad and the Dirty Dozen measures. These effects were somewhat stronger in men than in women and were replicable across samples. We also replicated sex differences in the Dark Triad traits but found none for our measures of socioecological conditions. Results are discussed in terms of the recurrent unpredictability in evolutionary history necessitating the sensitivity and responsiveness to such features to enable survival and reproduction. We contend that the Dark Triad traits might be condition-sensitive adaptations to socioecological unpredictability that all people could have if properly motivated.

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A Mokken analysis of the Dark Triad ‘Dirty Dozen’: Sex and age differences in scale structures, and issues with individual items

Cited by 51 publications

References 30 publications

Relationships between the Dark Triad and Delayed Gratification: An Evolutionary Perspective

Relationships between the Dark Triad and Delayed Gratification: An Evolutionary Perspective

The Dark Triad and competitive psychological climate at work: A model of reciprocal relationships in dependence of age and organization change

Resources, Harshness, and Unpredictability

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