A modified live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine to protect chickens from respiratory disease

Papazisi, L.; Silbart, Lawrence K.; Frasca, Salvatore; Rood, Debra; Liao, X.; Gladd, Martha F.; Javed, M.A.; Geary, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00372-9

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Formalin-fixed tissue samples were routinely processed, embedded in paraffin blocks, sectioned at 4 m, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin according to standard histological protocols (39). Histopathological evaluations were performed in a blinded fashion and were based on criteria established by Nunoya et al (31) and implemented in previous histopathologic studies of M. gallisepticum lesions in the trachea (34) and air sac (32). Lesion scores (LS) were assigned separately to trachea and air sacs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

et al. 2006

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To effectively analyze Mycoplasma gallisepticum for virulence-associated determinants, the ability to create stable genetic mutations is essential. Global M. gallisepticum mutagenesis is currently limited to the use of transposons. Using the gram-positive transposon Tn4001mod, a mutant library of 110 transformants was constructed and all insertion sites were mapped. To identify transposon insertion points, a unique primer directed outward from the end of Tn4001mod was used to sequence flanking genomic regions. By comparing sequences obtained in this manner to the annotated M. gallisepticum genome, the precise locations of transposon insertions were discerned. After determining the transposon insertion site for each mutant, unique reverse primers were synthesized based on the specific sequences, and PCR was performed. The resultant amplicons were used as unique Tn4001mod mutant identifiers. This procedure is referred to as signature sequence mutagenesis (SSM). SSM permits the comprehensive screening of the M. gallisepticum genome for the identification of novel virulence-associated determinants from a mixed mutant population. To this end, chickens were challenged with a pool of 27 unique Tn4001mod mutants. Two weeks postinfection, the birds were sacrificed, and organisms were recovered from respiratory tract tissues and screened for the presence or absence of various mutants. SSM is a negative-selection screening technique whereby those mutants possessing transposon insertions in genes essential for in vivo survival are not recovered from the host. We have identified a virulence-associated gene encoding dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (lpd). A transposon insertion in the middle of the coding sequence resulted in diminished biologic function and reduced virulence of the mutant designated Mg 7.Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the primary etiologic agent of the chronic respiratory disease complex in chickens and infectious sinusitis in turkeys. Primary inflammatory responses in the respiratory tract associated with infection are sinusitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, and airsacculitis. Colonization of the respiratory tract leads to ciliostasis and deciliation of the tracheal epithelium, allowing secondary infection by other bacterial and viral pathogens, such as Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and Escherichia coli (24). Common signs of M. gallisepticum infection include nasal discharge, tracheal rales, weight loss, and decreased egg production. Mycoplasma gallisepticum is highly contagious in commercial chicken and turkey flocks, spreading horizontally in populations through aerosol, dust, and feathers and vertically transmitted through eggs (8,10,24,40). Its economic impact on the poultry industry is significant, leading to millions of dollars of loss each year. Efforts to improve disease prevention and control programs require increased research to identify novel virulenceassociated determinants. These determinants may provide the basis for new and promising vaccines or targets for other antimicrobial ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

et al. 2006

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“…Sections of trachea and air sacs were examined microscopically. Tracheal lymphocytic infiltrates and air sac were scored using the system of Nunoya et al (1987) (24) and Papazisi et al (2002) with minor modifications (27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission, serologic and tissue responses in chickens vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum F strain (MG-F)

Machado

Santos

et al. 2016

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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MG-F protects chickens from MG Mycoplasmosis and monitoring is done by serology (SAR and ELISA) and PCR. Histopathology is used to evaluate bird response to MG. This study evaluated MG-F profile vaccination in SPF chicken. This trial used 100 chickens, being 40 unvaccinated (G1), 40 eye-drop vaccinated at 8 weeks of age with MG-F ( Ceva Animal Health , São Paulo , SP , Brazil ) (G2) and 20 immunized by contact (G3) . Samples were obtained on the 8th, 12th, 15th, 18th, 20th and 24th week for SAR, ELISA and PCR. Fragments of trachea and air sac, for microscopy, were got after necropsies on the 15th and 24th week. Up to 12 weeks there was no significant difference among groups by SAR. SAR reactions appeared from the 15th week with these averages: G1 (1.7, 1.76 , 0.1, 0.15) , G2 (7.81, 7.65, 8.25, 6.29) and G3 (8.1, 8.5, 9.5, 6.16), while by ELISA it occurred after the 18th week with optical densities averages: G1 (0.19, 0.14, 0.16) , G2 (0.47, 0.45, 0.41) and G3 (0.55, 0.51, 0.51) . Positivity in G3 by PCR occurred seven weeks after exposure. At the 15th week the air sac score means were 0.20, 0.55, and 0.32 and 24th week were 0.15, 0.80 and 0.66 (p>0.05). For trachea, G2 (0.48) yielded higher score average than G1 (0.10) and G3 (0.00) on the 15th week. Changes in G3 were seen only at 24th week, being this average (1.00) significantly different (p<0,05) from G1 (0.08) and G2 (0.46). SAR and PCR detected MG-F in G3 earlier than ELISA. Higher tracheal changes for G2 and G3 as compared to G1 could be ascribed to MG-F vaccine infection.

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“…There was no difference between the vaccinated or non-vaccinated flocks in the egg production rate but in the abnormality rate of eggs. Based on the above results, we suggested that the PoulShot Ⓡ , MG-F live vaccine was fully immunogenic and had characteristics of long persistence in the upper respiratory trachea which will reduce economic loss caused by MG infection in the layer farms.( (Papazisi et al, 2002). …”

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“…MG 백신은 사균 백신과 생균 백신 두 가지 모두 개발되 어 현재 전 세계적으로 사용되고 있다 (McLaren et al, 1996, Papazisi et al, 2002. 현재까지 두 종류의 백신 모두 가금에 서 안전성과 효능성을 인정받고 있다.…”

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Evaluation of Efficacy of PoulShot^® MG-F Vaccine against Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in the Layer Farms

Jeon¹,

Woo²,

Won³

et al. 2010

Korean Journal of Poultry Science

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Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection results in severe economic loss in the poultry industry. In the previous reports, F strain, one of the MG live vaccine strains, could protect the bird from field infection of MG strains. In this study, efficacy of PoulShot Ⓡ MG-F vaccine againset mycoplasma gallisepticum infection was evaluated for filed application in commercial layers.Commercial layers from two different farms received with PoulShot Ⓡ MG-F, MG-F live vaccine at 9～14 weeks of age. Serological immune response to MG vaccine, the persistency of MG vaccine strain in the upper respiratory tracts and egg production rate were evaluated in the vaccinated, contacted or nonvaccinated flocks. The serological response was first detected at 3 weeks after vaccination (WAV) and persisted for 31 WAV. The MG vaccine strains were also persisted for 31 WAV based on the reisolation and PCR detection. There was no difference between the vaccinated or non-vaccinated flocks in the egg production rate but in the abnormality rate of eggs. Based on the above results, we suggested that the PoulShot Ⓡ , MG-F live vaccine was fully immunogenic and had characteristics of long persistence in the upper respiratory trachea which will reduce economic loss caused by MG infection in the layer farms.( (Papazisi et al., 2002).

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A modified live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine to protect chickens from respiratory disease

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

Transmission, serologic and tissue responses in chickens vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum F strain (MG-F)

Evaluation of Efficacy of PoulShot^® MG-F Vaccine against Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in the Layer Farms

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A modified live Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine to protect chickens from respiratory disease

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

Identification of a Virulence-Associated Determinant, Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ( lpd ), in Mycoplasma gallisepticum through In Vivo Screening of Transposon Mutants

Transmission, serologic and tissue responses in chickens vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum F strain (MG-F)

Evaluation of Efficacy of PoulShot® MG-F Vaccine against Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in the Layer Farms

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Evaluation of Efficacy of PoulShot^® MG-F Vaccine against Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in the Layer Farms