A Modelling Approach for the Analysis of Underwater Explosive Performance Trials

Milne, A.; Burn, Andrew; Carr, Andrew; Thomson, Murray

doi:10.1002/prep.202100154

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Eight voltage mode tourmaline pressure sensors type PCB 138A05 were placed at the same depth (D), respectively at 1 m, 1.50 m, 2 m and 2.5 m range (R) for 100 g charges and 2 m, 3 m and 4 m for 1 kg charges. According to recommendations in [22], pressure sensors were positioned at the depth of the centre of the charge and respectively outside the calculated maximum bubble radii of 0.75 m for a 100 g C4 explosive charge and 1.5 m for a 1 kg [23], considered as maximum dimensioning charges for the design of our experimental setup.…”

Section: Underwater Firingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation performance of urea‐hydrogen peroxide (UHP)**

Halleux

Pons

Wilson

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Carbamide Peroxide, an adduct of Urea and Hydrogen Peroxide, is commonly used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as a solid source of hydrogen peroxide. However, it exhibits explosive properties and can be easily manufactured from readily available household chemicals, making it a potential emerging threat. We carried out a detailed performance assessment, combining experiments, thermochemical calculations and numerical simulations and highlighted a good level of agreement between experimental data from lab, field and underwater firings. A maximum detonation velocity of 3.65 km/s was recorded for unconfined 25 kg UHP charges at 0.85 g/cm 3 (200 mm charge diameter). We determined in these conditions an infinite diameter detonation velocity of 3.94 km/s. These results are also consistent with previous results obtained at small scale under heavy confinement. Airblast measurements highlighted an average 40 % TNT equivalence for impulse and 55 % for peak overpressure at short distance, which are in good agreement with the 57 % (Power Index) calculated from Explo5, while 50 % for bubble energy (explosive power) and 20 % for shock pressure (brisance) were obtained from underwater experiments. The use of different experimental approaches has proven useful to characterise the performances parameters of a non-ideal explosive for risk assessment purposes. K E Y W O R D Sdetonation, non ideal explosive, performance, urea hydrogen peroxide | INTRODUCTIONCarbamide Peroxide or Urea Hydrogen Peroxide (UHP) is commonly used in the dental, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries as a solid source of hydrogen peroxide. This adduct can also be easily manufactured from readily available household chemicals. Like other oxidisers such as ammonium perchlorate [1] or ammonium nitrate [2], UHP exhibits explosive properties [3,4] and could represent a potential emerging threat. Determining UHP detonation performance parameters is hence important for safety purposes.Because there is a need to predict large-scale explosive behaviour from small-scale experiments [5], our

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Section: Underwater Firingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation performance of urea‐hydrogen peroxide (UHP)**

Halleux

Pons

Wilson

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…As an engineering approximation, the JWL EOS above is used for the products of ideal detonation of aluminized charge. It is beyond the scope of this work to consider the non-ideal behavior [39,40]. Then, according to Eq.…”

Section: Motion Of Explosion Bubble Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

A shockwave calculation method for aluminized explosive of deep water explosion based on the Kirkwood‐Bethe model

Sheng

Hao

Liu

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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To calculate the shockwave propagation of deep water explosions for different explosives quickly and accurately, a calculation method, based on the Kirkwood-Bethe theory, was proposed. At the same time, an underwater explosion experiment of the aluminized explosive was carried out in the pressure vessel under high hydrostatic pressure. Then, the calculated results and experimental results were compared for peak pressure, impulse and energy flux density. The results indicated that the proposed method can quickly and accurately determine the shockwave propagation of deep water explosions for the aluminized explosives, with satisfactory agreement with experimental data. Using the proposed method, the shockwave of aluminized explosive under the conditions of different charge weight, different depth and different distance were calculated, the propagation laws of peak pressure, impulse and energy flux density with depth and distance were obtained. The calculation method proposed could be used to calculate shockwave propagation for any kind of explosive, if only knows the parameters of detonation and JWL equation of state.

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A Modelling Approach for the Analysis of Underwater Explosive Performance Trials

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Detonation performance of urea‐hydrogen peroxide (UHP)**

Detonation performance of urea‐hydrogen peroxide (UHP)**

A shockwave calculation method for aluminized explosive of deep water explosion based on the Kirkwood‐Bethe model

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