A model to simulate the effect of vaccination against Boophilus ticks on cattle

Lodos, Jorge; Boué, Oscar; Fuente, José de la

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(99)00187-9

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…They then switched their base model to BCTSIM and adapted it to create a new model (TICKSIM) by modifying its vaccine submodel (Lodos et al. , ) and adding a sterile‐hybrid‐release submodel (Lodos et al. ).…”

Section: Chronology Of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative models of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) ticks: historical review and synthesis

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Several tick species, in what is now known as the subgenus Boophilus in the genusRhipicephalus, are economically important ectoparasites of livestock and other ungulates; as vectors of pathogens that kill cattle, they remain among the most studied ticks in the world. Researchers have developed quantitative computer models of Rhipicephalus ticks since the early 1970s to study complex biological and ecological relationships that influence management or eradication of ticks and tick-borne diseases. We review the 45-yr history of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) models, which were developed and applied first in Australia, 10 yr later in North and South America, then soon after in Africa. Models progressed from analytical models of a portion of tick life cycles, to simulation models of complete life cycles or ecoclimatic indices, to the current emphasis on GIS-based bioclimatic envelope models estimated from remotely sensed data and tick presence records. Earlier models were used primarily to predict effects of management techniques, such as use of sterile hybrid ticks, pasture rotation, acaricides, vaccines, and resistant cattle, while more recent models have been used to predict the potential for range expansion, especially due to global climate change and wildlife hosts, as well as in the face of competition with other tick species. We summarize characteristics of these models and compare those of population dynamics and bioclimatic envelope models. We discuss the past and present utility of these models and provide a perspective on future Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) modeling efforts.

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Section: Chronology Of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative models of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) ticks: historical review and synthesis

et al. 2017

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“…Based on the number of hosts required to complete their development during their life cycle, ticks can be classified as one-host, two-host and three-host ticks (Walker et al, 2003). Due to medical and veterinary importance of ticks, their control and the transmission of tickborne diseases remain a challenge for the cattle industry in tropical and subtropical areas of the world (Lodos et al, 2000). Tackling ticks is a priority for many countries in tropical and subtropical regions (Lodos et al, 2000) including Ethiopia (Solomon Gebre and Kaaya, 1998;Sileshi Mekonnen et al, 2001;Feyissa Regassa, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of ticks infesting cattle reared on the main campus of Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia

Abdella¹,

Muktar²,

Hiko³

2017

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Tick infestation is a major problem constraining animal production and productivity in Ethiopia showing the need for tackling the situation. A crosssectional study was carried out to determine tick prevalence and associated risk factors among cattle reared on dairy, beef and free-range grazing farms of Haramaya University from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 519 animals were randomly selected. Ticks were collected and identified under stereomicroscopic examination. A total of 384 (73.9%) animals were positive for tick infestation which was higher on both beef (79.2%) and dairy (82.3%) than on free-range grazing (32.4%) cattle with OR = 8 (95% CI 4.2-16.9) and OR= 9 (95% CI 5.0-18.8) in beef and dairy animals, respectively. Infestation was significantly lower on Borana breed (20%; 95% OR CI 0.5-1.99) than on others. Difference in infestation between sexes and among the age groups of animals were not observed (p > 0.05). Of positive cattle, 52.9%, 12.8%, 7.0% and 27.3% were infested with single, two, three and four genera of ticks, respectively. In positive animals, subgenus Boophilus (51.0%), Amblyomma (58.3%), Hyalomma (48.2%) and Rhipicephalus (53.1%) tick genera were observed. Multiple tick genera infestation were more frequent in cattle managed under both beef (34.7 to 62.9%) and dairy (22.2 to 55.1%) farm types than that of free-range (4.4 to 14.8%) farm types. All the currently encountered tick genera infested 48.5%, 46.8% and 4.8% of beef, dairy and free range grazing cattle farms, respectively. The result showed all animals are found in endemic environment for tick infestation and thus the burden might cause economic loses mainly by reducing milk and meat yields, body weight gain, skin and hides quality, and risk of tick-borne diseases. Therefore, tick infestation in the study farms warrants strategic tick control approaches.

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“…Due to the veterinary-medical importance of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and costs of their control, the transmission of tick-borne diseases remains a challenge for cattle industry in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world, and it is a priority concern for many countries in these regions [1]. On the other hand, while modern molecular biological methods allow more effective detection of pathogens in tick species, these are expensive and require sophisticated laboratory instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Biotope on the Tick Infestation of Cattle and on the Tick-Borne Pathogen Repertoire of Cattle Ticks in Ethiopia

Hornok

Abichu²,

Meli

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundThe majority of vector-borne infections occur in the tropics, including Africa, but molecular eco-epidemiological studies are seldom reported from these regions. In particular, most previously published data on ticks in Ethiopia focus on species distribution, and only a few molecular studies on the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens or on ecological factors influencing these. The present study was undertaken to evaluate, if ticks collected from cattle in different Ethiopian biotopes harbour (had access to) different pathogens.MethodsIn South-Western Ethiopia 1032 hard ticks were removed from cattle grazing in three kinds of tick biotopes. DNA was individually extracted from one specimen of both sexes of each tick species per cattle. These samples were molecularly analysed for the presence of tick-borne pathogens.Results Amblyomma variegatum was significantly more abundant on mid highland, than on moist highland. Rhipicephalus decoloratus was absent from savannah lowland, where virtually only A. cohaerens was found. In the ticks Coxiella burnetii had the highest prevalence on savannah lowland. PCR positivity to Theileria spp. did not appear to depend on the biotope, but some genotypes were unique to certain tick species. Significantly more A. variegatum specimens were rickettsia-positive, than those of other tick species. The presence of rickettsiae (R. africae) appeared to be associated with mid highland in case of A. variegatum and A. cohaerens. The low level of haemoplasma positivity seemed to be equally distributed among the tick species, but was restricted to one biotope type.ConclusionsThe tick biotope, in which cattle are grazed, will influence not only the tick burden of these hosts, but also the spectrum of pathogens in their ticks. Thus, the presence of pathogens with alternative (non-tick-borne) transmission routes, with transstadial or with transovarial transmission by ticks appeared to be associated with the biotope type, with the tick species, or both, respectively.

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A model to simulate the effect of vaccination against Boophilus ticks on cattle

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Quantitative models of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) ticks: historical review and synthesis

Quantitative models of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) ticks: historical review and synthesis

Prevalence and risk factors of ticks infesting cattle reared on the main campus of Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia

Influence of the Biotope on the Tick Infestation of Cattle and on the Tick-Borne Pathogen Repertoire of Cattle Ticks in Ethiopia

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