“…Whereas only a few studies have been made of certain intrinsic factors (such as leaf age [Field, 1987], position in the canopy and hydraulic architecture [Tyree and Ewers, 1991], internal CO 2 concentration [Jarvis, 1986], hormonal equilibrium, previous growing conditions and nutrient availability [Chapin, 1991;Kleiner et al, 1992]), several models have been proposed that relate stomatal aperture to simultaneous variations in environmental factors and plant water potential at leaf level (Jarvis, 1976;Avissar et al, 1985;Lloyd, 1991;Jones, 1992) and at canopy and regional scale (Jarvis, 1980;Jarvis and McNaughton, 1986; McNaughton and Jarvis, 1991).…”