A Model to Calculate Fracture Conductivity Considering Proppant Transport and Embedment Depth

Yang, Zhaozhong; Liao, Zijia; Li, Yong; Liang, Yi; Chen, Hao; Ran, Longhai

doi:10.1007/s10553-021-01273-4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Yang [13] established an analytical model for fracture conductivity, considering proppant migration and embedding. The effects of closure pressure, proppant size, rock plasticity, proppant concentration, and proppant fluid volume on fracture conductivity were considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on fracture conductivity under dynamic sand laying mode

Pan

Chen

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The existing API static sand laying fracture conductivity evaluation experiment ideally believes that the proppant is evenly and statically laid in the fracture, without considering the actual fracturing conditions, the proppant migrates along the fracture and leaks into the formation. In order to more truly simulate the actual fracturing conditions, the experimental study of fracture conductivity is carried out by using the dynamic conductivity testing device, which is closer to the field reality than static sand laying. The parameters of the indoor dynamic sand laying diversion experiment are determined by the similarity criterion and the indoor fracturing fluid rheology experiment. The orthogonal experiment and the shear support fracture dynamic diversion experiment are designed to study the effects of pumping displacement, fracturing fluid viscosity and construction sand ratio on the dynamic sand laying diversion ability, and optimize the on-site construction parameters. The experimental results show that increasing the construction displacement, sand ratio and selecting the appropriate fracturing fluid viscosity have a positive impact on the fracture conductivity of dynamic sand laying support, among which the sand ratio has the greatest impact. Under the condition of effective closure stress of the reservoir, the natural non sanding shear fracture and the dynamic paving shear fracture with 12% sand ratio have no conductivity, which is difficult to meet the requirements of field production. When the 1-3 mm shear joint is dynamically paved with 18% sand ratio and the closing pressure is 30-70 MPa, the conductivity is positively correlated with the sand concentration, but it is nonlinear with the shear dislocation. The shear joint pump injects 18% proppant with sand ratio, which can support the fracture under high closing pressure and provide conductivity. It is necessary to appropriately increase the pump injection ratio of more than 18% sand ratio according to the proportion of on-site shear cracks to effectively support shear cracks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on fracture conductivity under dynamic sand laying mode

Pan

Chen

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…In 2009, H. Abass et al (2009) simulated the effect of small particle size proppant on fracture conductivity and optimized the number of fractures. Yang et al (2021) derived the mathematical expressions of fracture conductivity and fracture width, and then studied the influence of proppant type, particle size, and sanding concentration on fracture conductivity. In 2017, Deng et al, 2017 studied the influence of proppant embedment in rocks with different particle sizes and same in situ stress on fracture permeability by numerical simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Fracturing Fracture Deformation Mechanism of Shale Reservoir

Xiang

Ding

et al. 2022

Front. Energy Res.

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After large-scale sand fracturing of horizontal wells in shale gas reservoir, fracturing fractures will deform in the production process. However, fracture deformation will lead to the decrease in fracture conductivity and then cause the decrease of gas well productivity. Therefore, in order to evaluate the fracturing fracture deformation mechanism of shale reservoirs, the shale proppant-supported fracture deformation evaluation experiments were carried out under different proppant types, particle sizes, sanding concentrations, and closure pressure conditions, respectively, and the variation curves of fracture width was calculated by a stereomicroscope under different experimental conditions. Then based on the experimental results, the fracture sensitivity factors and fracture deformation mechanism were analyzed, and the deformation mechanisms of fracturing fractures affected by proppant embedding and crushing were studied emphatically. The analysis results of fracture sensitivity factors indicate that the larger the particle size and hardness of proppant, the lower the sand concentration, proppant embedded on the shale rock surface. Moreover, the deeper the proppant is embedded, the faster the fracture conductivity decreases. In addition, the greater the closure pressure, the more serious is the proppant embedment, and the faster the fracture width decreases. The analysis results of fracture deformation mechanism show that, on the on hand, under variable closure pressure, the proppant with larger hardness and larger particle size is used for fracturing, and the proppant embedded in the fracture surface is the main cause of fracture deformation. However, if only the sand concentration of the proppant in the fracture is changed, the fracture deformation is jointly dominated by the embedding and crushing of the proppant. On the other hand, under constant closure pressure, the main mechanism of fracture deformation is that the proppant is embedded into the fracture surface when the closure pressure is low, but if the closure pressure is high, the main mechanism of fracture deformation is the crushing and compaction of proppant.

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Lightweight proppants in unconventional oil and natural gas development: A review

Liao

et al. 2022

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

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A Model to Calculate Fracture Conductivity Considering Proppant Transport and Embedment Depth

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Study on fracture conductivity under dynamic sand laying mode

Study on fracture conductivity under dynamic sand laying mode

Experimental Study on Fracturing Fracture Deformation Mechanism of Shale Reservoir

Lightweight proppants in unconventional oil and natural gas development: A review

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