A model study of the circulation in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent coastal waters: 2. Sensitivity experiments

Wong, Lai Ah; Chen, J. C.; Xue, Huijie; Li, Dong; Guan, Weibing; Su, Jilan

doi:10.1029/2002jc001452

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…While governed by buoyancy, planetary rotation and wind forcing (Wong et al, 2003), the impact of the plume front on the coastal NSCS was large, due to the low salinity water spreading westward and eastward over the large area of the shelf. A chlorophyll bloom on the shore side of the front was a direct response of phytoplankton to the river plume (Harrison et al, 2008), as nutrient replenishment from the subsurface could be restricted by the salinity front with a persistent stratification at the frontal zone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plume water was mostly on the shore side of the front when the river outflow was westward along the shore. The shore side of the front was defined by a salinity of < 26 (the nearshore boundary of the plume; Wong et al, 2003), with the sea side of the front by a salinity of > 32 (the offshore boundary of the plume; Ou et al, 2007). The frontal zone is thus located in between the nearshore and offshore boundaries of the river plume (Fig.…”

Section: Physical and Biogeochemical Setting Of The Nscs Shelf Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there is an intense river discharge from the Pearl River estuary (PRE) during the spring-summer leading to the development of a strong nearshore river plume (Su, 2004). In the coastal water, west of the PRE, convergence between the northeastward coastal current and the southeastward river plume can maintain a sharp salinity front along the shelf when the southwesterly monsoon is prevailing over the region (Wong et al, 2003). Variability at the front is primarily controlled by the river discharge and by the direction and magnitude of the regional wind field (Dong et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoplankton response to a plume front in the northern South China Sea

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Due to a strong river discharge during AprilJune 2016, a persistent salinity front, with freshwater flushing seaward on the surface but seawater moving landward at the bottom, was formed in the coastal waters west of the Pearl River estuary (PRE) over the northern South China Sea (NSCS) shelf. Hydrographic measurements revealed that the salinity front was influenced by both the river plume and coastal upwelling. On shipboard nutrient-enrichment experiments with size-fractionation chlorophyll a measurements were taken on both sides of the front as well as in the frontal zone to diagnose the spatial variations of phytoplankton physiology across the frontal system. We also assessed the size-fractionated responses of phytoplankton to the treatment of plume water at the frontal zone and the sea side of the front. The biological impact of vertical mixing or upwelling was further examined by the response of surface phytoplankton to the addition of local bottom water. Our results suggested that there was a large variation in phytoplankton physiology on the sea side of the front, driven by dynamic nutrient fluxes, although P limitation was prevailing on the shore side of the front and at the frontal zone. The spreading of plume water at the frontal zone would directly improve the growth of microphytoplankton, while nano-and picophytoplankton growths could have become saturated at high percentages of plume water. Also, the mixing of bottom water would stimulate the growth of surface phytoplankton on both sides of the front by altering the surface N/P ratio to make it closer to the Redfield stoichiometry. In summary, phytoplankton growth and physiology could be profoundly influenced by the physical dynamics in the frontal system during the spring-summer of 2016.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical and Biogeochemical Setting Of The Nscs Shelf Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoplankton response to a plume front in the northern South China Sea

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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“…According to [69], Coastal systems are in one sense, particularly sensitive to three key drivers related to climate change: sea level, ocean temperature, and ocean. In another sense, the population and assets exposed to coastal risks as well as human pressures on coastal ecosystems will increase significantly in the coming decades due to population growth, economic development, and urbanization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Climate Trends and Land Cover/Use Dynamics within the Somone River Basin, Senegal

Barry¹,

Traoré²,

Ndiaye³

et al. 2017

AJCC

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This study was undertaken mainly to 1) investigate temporal trends in annual rainfall and temperature; 2) identify discontinuities in the time series; and 3) assess the Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULC) in the Somone coastal lagoon, within the river basin. The study examined temporal trends in rainfall (1931-2016) and temperature (1961-2016) datasets of Somone river basin, and breaks in time series using Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and other suitable statistical tools. Temporal evolution in LULC was assessed for the years 1954, 1978, 2003 and 2016. Analysis indicates a significant decreasing trend in precipitation over the basin. These trends are much more pronounced for minimum and average rainfall than for maximum and annual amplitudes. Contrary to precipitation, surface air temperature shows a significant increasing trend for its minimum and averages, and a decreasing trend for its maximum and amplitudes. A significant break in precipitation was observed in 1958, while surface air temperature presents much longer breaks within the years 1975 and 1977, and 1991 and 1993. A more direct implication of climate change on LULC patterns is increased in unproductive salt pans (Sabkhas). Increase in Sabkhas gave rise to conversion of forest lands to agricultural lands of local farmers in search for fertile soils to cater for the food needs of a growing population. Otherwise, the development of the settlements, favored by the tourism activity and agriculture crisis, is another cause of croplands decreasing. The findings of the present research clearly indicate that the impacts of climate change are exacerbated by rapid urbanization in the basin.

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“…Xue and Chai (2001) investigated the general circulation and ecosystem dynamics in the Estuary using a coupled biophysical model. Wong et al (2003aWong et al ( , 2003b examined the estuarine plume and associated frontal dynamics in response to seasonal discharges and monsoon winds based on observations and numerical results. Larson et al (2005) studied the circulation and salinity distribution in the PRE by forcing a numerical circulation model with tides and time-invariant freshwater discharges from the four easternmost inlets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Study of Dry-Season Circulation in the Pearl River Estuary and Adjacent Coastal Waters using a Triple-Nested Coastal Circulation Model

Jiang

Tang

et al. 2011

Atmosphere-Ocean

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The Pearl River Estuary (PRE) on the east coast of Guangdong Province in South China is a complicated hydrodynamic system affected by various forcing functions including tides, wind forcing, and sea surface heat and freshwater fluxes. The PRE also receives a large amount of freshwater runoff from the Pearl River through eight major river inlets. In this study, the three-dimensional circulation, hydrography, and associated temporal variability in the PRE and adjacent coastal waters during the dry season from December to March are examined using a triple-nested coastal ocean circulation modelling system based on the Princeton Ocean Model. Four numerical experiments are conducted by driving the triple-nested modelling system with different combinations of external forcing functions. Analysis of multi-year model results from the four experiments demonstrates that the estuarine plume in the dry season is close to the western shore of the PRE, mainly due to the combination of the low Pearl River discharge and the influence of the southwestward coastal current over the inner shelf of the northern South China Sea. Temperature and salinity inside the estuarine plume in the dry season are weakly stratified in the vertical, with large horizontal salinity gradients near the frontal zone of the plume. Baroclinic dynamics play a very important role in the plume, with the frontal circulation forced by the combination of wind, tides and the Pearl River discharge. In the offshore deep waters of the PRE during the dry season, vertical stratification in the top 15 m is weak and circulation can be approximated by barotropic dynamics forced by wind and tides.RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] L'estuaire du fleuve Perle (EFP) sur la côte est de la province de Guangdong, dans le sud de la Chine, est un réseau hydrodynamique complexe soumis à diverses fonctions de forçage, y compris les marées, le forçage par le vent et les flux de chaleur de la surface de la mer et d'eau douce. L'EFP reçoit aussi une grande quantité d'eau douce de ruissellement du fleuve Perle par le biais de huit affluents importants. Dans cette étude, nous examinons la circulation tridimensionnelle, l'hydrographie et la variabilité temporelle connexe dans l'EFP et les eaux côtières adjacentes durant la saison sèche de décembre à mars au moyen d'un système de modélisation de la circulation océanique côtière triplement imbriqué basé sur le modèle océanique de Princeton. Nous menons quatre expériences numériques en fournissant au système de modélisation triplement imbriqué différ-entes combinaisons de fonctions de forçage externe. L'analyse des résultats du modèle sur plusieurs années dans les quatre expériences démontre que le panache estuarien pendant la saison sèche est près du rivage ouest de l'EFP, surtout à cause de la combinaison du faible débit du fleuve Perle et de l'influence du courant côtier vers le sud-ouest sur la plate-forme interne du nord de la mer de Chine méridionale. La température et la salinité à l'intérieur du panache estuarien durant la saison sèc...

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A model study of the circulation in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent coastal waters: 2. Sensitivity experiments

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Phytoplankton response to a plume front in the northern South China Sea

Phytoplankton response to a plume front in the northern South China Sea

Assessment of Climate Trends and Land Cover/Use Dynamics within the Somone River Basin, Senegal

Process Study of Dry-Season Circulation in the Pearl River Estuary and Adjacent Coastal Waters using a Triple-Nested Coastal Circulation Model

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