A model study of Circumpolar Deep Water on the West Antarctic Peninsula and Ross Sea continental shelves

Dinniman, Michael S.; Klinck, John M.; Smith, Walker O

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.11.013

Cited by 208 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The Southern Boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current roughly separates the Antarctic Coastal Current from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. In numerous locations, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (and other coastal currents, e.g., ShelfSlope Current) impinges on the slope causing intrusions of Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf and providing a source of heat and nutrients to the shelf (Jacobs, 1991;Meijers et al, 2010;Williams et al, 2010;Dinniman et al, 2011;Assmann et al, 2013). For example, at the West Antarctic Peninsula, upwelling of warm, high-nutrient Circumpolar Deep Water influences ocean and ice physics and ecosystem processes.…”

Section: Physical Conditions and Circulation In The Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time and in some areas, the strengthened winds have led to an increased flux of relatively warm, nutrient-rich Circumpolar Deep Water onto the continental shelves through Ekman-induced upwelling (Dinniman et al, 2011). The relatively rapid flow of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the opposing Antarctic Coastal Current flows can connect water in the near surface layers from opposite sides of the Southern Ocean in less than 3 years .…”

Section: Physical Conditions and Circulation In The Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, Circumpolar Deep Water, a relatively warm water mass located at a depth of $200-800 m, is advected onto the Antarctic continental shelf through localized upwelling (Clarke et al, 2008;Dinniman et al, 2011). Circumpolar Deep Water brings macro-and micronutrients onto the shelf where they may mix with surface waters and fuel phytoplankton growth.…”

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Ross Sea, Circumpolar Deep Water is advected onto the shelf in troughs between shallow banks (W.O. Smith et al, , 2012aSmith et al, ,b, 2014aSmith et al, , 2014bDinniman et al, 2011). Although this water mass is located hundreds of meters from the surface when it advects onto the shelf, convective mixing driven by sea-ice formation during winter can bring this water to the surface.…”

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near the West Antarctic Peninsula, currents impinging on the edge of the continental shelf upwell Circumpolar Deep Water (Clarke et al, 2008), supporting phytoplankton production in such areas as the Marguerite Trough (Prézelin et al, 2000;Dinniman et al, 2011). As in the Amundsen Sea, these waters often remain at sub-euphotic depths, but bathymetric features force Circumpolar Deep Water into the surface layer and stimulate diatom blooms (Prézelin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

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Drinkwater

Arrigo

et al. 2016

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tWe compare and contrast the ecological impacts of atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns on polar and sub-polar marine ecosystems. Circulation patterns differ strikingly between the north and south. Meridional circulation in the north provides connections between the sub-Arctic and Arctic despite the presence of encircling continental landmasses, whereas annular circulation patterns in the south tend to isolate Antarctic surface waters from those in the north. These differences influence fundamental aspects of the polar ecosystems from the amount, thickness and duration of sea ice, to the types of organisms, and the ecology of zooplankton, fish, seabirds and marine mammals. Meridional flows in both the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans transport heat, nutrients, and plankton northward into the Chukchi Sea, the Barents Sea, and the seas off the west coast of Greenland. In the North Atlantic, the advected heat warms the waters of the southern Barents Sea and, with advected nutrients and plankton, supports immense biomasses of fish, seabirds and marine mammals. On the Pacific side of the Arctic, cold waters flowing northward across the northern Bering and Chukchi seas during winter and spring limit the ability of boreal fish species to take advantage of high seasonal production there. Southward flow of cold Arctic waters into sub-Arctic regions of the North Atlantic occurs mainly through Fram Strait with less through the Barents Sea and the Canadian Archipelago. In the Pacific, the transport of Arctic waters and plankton southward through Bering Strait is minimal.In the Southern Ocean, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its associated fronts are barriers to the southward dispersal of plankton and pelagic fishes from sub-Antarctic waters, with the consequent evolution of Antarctic zooplankton and fish species largely occurring in isolation from those to the north. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current also disperses biota throughout the Southern Ocean, and as a result, the biota tends to be similar within a given broad latitudinal band. South of the Southern Boundary of the ACC, there is a large-scale divergence that brings nutrient-rich water to the surface. This divergence, along with more localized upwelling regions and deep vertical convection in winter, generates elevated nutrient levels throughout the Antarctic at the end of austral winter. However, such elevated nutrient levels do not support elevated phytoplankton productivity through the entire Southern Ocean, as iron concentrations are rapidly removed to limiting levels by spring blooms in deep waters. However, coastal http://dx

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Section: Physical Conditions and Circulation In The Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Conditions and Circulation In The Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Primary Production In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

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Drinkwater

Arrigo

et al. 2016

Progress in Oceanography

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Topographic vorticity waves forced by Antarctic dense shelf water outflows

Marques

Padman

Springer

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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We use numerical simulations to investigate excitation of topographic vorticity waves (TVWs) along the Antarctic continental slope by outflows of dense shelf water through troughs. Idealized models show that wave frequency depends on the amount of stretching in the ambient fluid over the outflow and on background along‐slope mean flow. Frequency is higher for steeper bottom slope, larger outflow density anomaly, and stronger westward mean flow. For weak stratification and weak westward along‐slope flows typical of the Antarctic slope, wave energy propagates eastward, in the opposite direction from phase velocity. Our results are consistent with recent observations of TVWs in the southern Weddell Sea. In a realistic simulation of the Ross Sea, TVW properties are modulated on seasonal and shorter time scales as background ocean state varies. We expect these waves to affect mixing, cross‐slope exchanges, and sea ice concentration in the vicinity of sources of dense water outflows.

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Intrusion of warm surface water beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica

et al. 2013

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[1] A 6 month temperature record collected below McMurdo Ice Shelf in 2011-2012 shows the temporal and spatial structure of the summertime warm water signal that penetrates beneath the ice shelf. The strength and duration of the warm water intrusion suggest an annual melt rate at Windless Bight of 0.71 m/yr. A Ross Sea numerical model demonstrates a seasonal warm water pathway leading from the west side of the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP) toward McMurdo Sound. The warm water enters McMurdo Sound, subducts beneath the ice shelf and causes accelerated summer melting. Temperature data were recorded using Distributed Temperature Sensing fiber optics, which gives a vertical temperature profile at a 1 m vertical resolution. This study constitutes one of the first successful implementations of this technology in Polar Regions.

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A model study of Circumpolar Deep Water on the West Antarctic Peninsula and Ross Sea continental shelves

Cited by 208 publications

References 86 publications

Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

Topographic vorticity waves forced by Antarctic dense shelf water outflows

Intrusion of warm surface water beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica

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