A model of transpiration and soil-water balance for a mature oak forest

Nizinski, J.; Saugier, B.

doi:10.1016/0168-1923(89)90082-8

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The k factor is an empirical parameter that integrates the structural and ecophysiological characteristics of vegetation cover (Chassagneux andChoisnel 1986, Nizinski andSaugier 1989). In this case, k corresponds to the transpiration capacity of vegetation.…”

Section: Hydrobal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative performance of soil water balance models in computing semi-arid aquifer recharge

Touhami

Andreu

Chirino

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Estimating groundwater recharge is essential to ensure the sustainable use of groundwater resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Soil water balances have been frequently advocated as valuable tools to estimate groundwater recharge. This article compares the performance of three soil water balance models (Hydrobal, Visual Balan v2.0 and Thornthwaite) in the Ventós-Castellar aquifer, Spain. The models were used to simulate wet and dry years. Recharge estimates were transformed into water table fluctuations by means of a lumped groundwater model. These, in turn, were calibrated against piezometric data. Overall, the Hydrobal model shows the best fit between observed and calculated levels (r 2 = 0.84), highlighting the role of soil moisture and vegetation in recharge processes.Key words groundwater recharge; soil water balance; lumped groundwater model; karst aquifers; semi-arid region; Alicante, Spain Performances comparées de modèles de bilan hydrique des sols pour le calcul de la recharge d'aquifères en conditions semi-arides Résumé L'estimation de la recharge des eaux souterraines est essentielle pour permettre l'utilisation durable des ressources en eaux souterraines, en particulier dans les régions arides et semi-arides. Les bilans hydriques des sols ont souvent été recommandés comme de précieux outils pour estimer la recharge des eaux souterraines. Cet article compare les performances des trois modèles de bilan hydrique du sol (Hydrobal, Visual Balan v2.0 et Thornthwaite) sur l'aquifère de Ventós-Castellar, en Espagne. Nous avons appliqué les modèles de simulation sur des années humides et sèches. Les estimations de la recharge ont été transformées en fluctuations du niveau de la nappe au moyen d'un modèle global d'eau souterraine. Ces fluctuations ont été calées à leur tour par rapport aux données piézométriques. Globalement, le modèle Hydrobal donne le meilleur ajustement entre les niveaux observés et calculés (r 2 = 0,84), mettant en évidence le rôle de l'humidité des sols et de la végétation dans les processus de recharge.Mots clefs recharge des eaux souterraines ; bilan hydrique du sol ; modèle global d'eau souterraine ; aquifères karstiques ; région semi-aride ; Alicante ; Espagne

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Section: Hydrobal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative performance of soil water balance models in computing semi-arid aquifer recharge

Touhami

Andreu

Chirino

et al. 2013

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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“…Hinckley et ai 1978a,b;Dougherty et ai 1979;Tenhunen et ai 1984Tenhunen et ai , 1990Weber & Gates 1990;Abtatns 1994;Dreyer et al 1994;Kubiske & Abrams 1994;Abratns & Mostoller 1995), In contrast, data on how the carbon dioxide and water fluxes of temperate forest ecosystetns respond to periods of soil moisture deficit and heat spells are relatively tneagre. Most studies on this topic are confined to Mediterranean vegetation, and to transpiration measuretnents using sap flow methods (Goulden & Field 1994;Loustau et al 1996) or hydrological balances (Nizinski & Saugier 1989;Sala & Tenhunen 1996), Few investigators have employed the eddy covarianee tnethod to study carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over drought-stressed forests (Goulden et ai 1996a; Greco & Baldocchi 1996;Valentini et ai 1996), Consequently, the elTects of drought and heat stress on eanopy photosynthesis and transpiration of forests tend to be inferred frotn tnodels (Tenhunen et ai 1990;Sala & Tetihutien 1996;Williatns era/. 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange over a temperate broad‐leaved forest during the 1995 summer drought

Baldocchi¹

1997

Plant Cell & Environment

287

234

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Forests in the south-eastern United States experienced a prolonged dry spell and above-normal temperatures during the 1995 growing season. During this episode, nearly continuous, eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes were acquired over a temperate, hardwood forest. These data are used to examine how environmental factors and accumulating soil moisture deficits affected the diurnal pattern and magnitude of canopy-scale carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes. The field data are also used to test an integrative leaf-to-canopy scaling model (CANOAK), which uses micrometeorological and physiological theory, to calculate mass and energy fluxes. When soil moisture was ample in the spring, peak rates of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (A'pj occurred around midday and exceeded 20 ;Umol m~^ s"'. Rates of A',; were near optimal when air temperature ranged between 22 and 25°C. The accumulation of soil moisture deficits and a co-occurrence of high temperatures caused peak rates of daytime carbon dioxide uptake to occur earlier in the morning. High air temperatures and soil moisture deficits were also correlated with a dramatic reduction in the magnitude of N^. On average, the magnitude of N,i decreased from 20 to 7 ^umol m"^ s"' as air temperature increased from 24 to 30°C and the soil dried. The CANAOK model yielded accurate estimates of canopyscale carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes when the forest had an ample supply of soil moisture. During the drought and heat spell, a cumulative drought index was needed to adjust the proportionality constant of the stomata] conductance model to yield accurate estimates of canopy CO2 exchange. The adoption of the drought index also enabled the CANOAK model to give improved estimates of evaporation until midday. On the other hand, the scheme failed to yield accurate estimates of evaporation during the afternoon.

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“…4). Although the period 1993-1997 had a lower rainfall deficit than that of 1989-1992, the impact of the rainfall reduction on the Dry Matter production of the savannah was more pro nounced for 1993-1997 because the available soil water content was strongly reduced during the period of 1989-1992 (analysis obtained from the soil water balance model (Nizinski and Saugier, 1989); rooting zone of herbs ranges from 0.3 for the annuals to 2.0 m for the perennials of the soil's depth). As a result, graz ers should be more affected by increasing dryness than browsers and omnivorous species because the reduc tion of herb production ranged from 4 to 6 times higher than that of trees leaves, respectively for herbs and tree leaves, ranging over the 8 studied years from 1.6 to 2.0 t DM ha -1 and from 0.3 to 0.5 t ha -1 .…”

Section: Impact Of Climate Change On the Primary Production Of The Samentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of increasing dryness, animal feeding strategy and human hunting on large ungulates abundance: A first approach in West Africa

Galat

Galat‐Luong²,

Nizinski

et al. 2015

Russ J Ecol

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Large ungulates as primary consumers consume variable proportions of herbaceous and woody plants. Recent climate changes modify the herbaceous/woody plant balance. To test their differential effects on ungulate species abundance, we compared large ungulate feeding strategies with climate change patterns, taking the game preferences of local people into account. We analyzed changes in population density of ten species of large ungulates between two census periods (1990-1993 and 1994-1998) in the Niokolo Koba National Park, Senegal. We calculated the cumulative precipitation deficit during the 1989-1997 period. Additionally, we conducted an extensive survey of local people's game preferences. Results are: 1-in the period 1989-98 all but one year have been drier than the 1940-98 average; 2-this has a cumulative effect on the dryness of the land i.e. produces a water deficit; 3-this pattern favors the growth of woody plants over herbaceous ones; 4-this favors browsers over grazers; 5-grazers are generally preferred by hunters; 6grazers are therefore disadvantaged both by the drier climate and by preferential hunting; 7-management in the National Park should focus on holding back bush encroachment and encouraging the growth of herba ceous plants.

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A model of transpiration and soil-water balance for a mature oak forest

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative performance of soil water balance models in computing semi-arid aquifer recharge

Comparative performance of soil water balance models in computing semi-arid aquifer recharge

Measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange over a temperate broad‐leaved forest during the 1995 summer drought

Influence of increasing dryness, animal feeding strategy and human hunting on large ungulates abundance: A first approach in West Africa

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