A model of the electrically excited human cochlear neuron

Rattay, Frank; Lutter, Petra; Felix, Heidi

doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(00)00256-2

Cited by 182 publications

(171 citation statements)

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“…In their model, the principle ionic currents were formed by the fast sodium and delayed rectifier potassium voltage-gated ion channels. To this day, these channels are central to explaining the biophysical underpinnings of neural excitation in the SGN and thus are used in many computational models (Phan et al 1994;Rubinstein 1995;Matsuoka et al 2001;Mino et al 2004;Imennov and Rubinstein 2009;Chow and White 1996;Negm and Bruce 2014;Negm and Bruce 2008;Woo et al 2009b;Woo et al 2009a;Woo et al 2009c;Miller et al 2011;Smit et al 2008;Cartee 2000Cartee , 2006Rattay 2000;Rattay et al 2001;Rattay et al 2013;Rattay and Danner 2014). However, the ion channels of the Hodgkin-Huxley model alone cannot explain long relative refractoriness, long-term accommodation, and spike rate adaptation.…”

Section: Mechanisms and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While smaller in magnitude than IHC vesicle release variability, the effect of ion channel fluctuations in SGNs is larger than for many other types of neurons since membrane noise is greater at small node of Ranvier diameters (Verveen 1962). So, in the case of cochlear implant stimulation, even with just one extracellular electrode, these same stochastic properties promote multiple locations on the SGN from where an action potential can originate (Rattay et al 2001;Miller et al 2003;Sly et al 2007), in contrast to the reliable spike initiation at the peripheral terminal for synaptic transmission by an IHC. In a stochastic model of an SGN axon, Mino et al (2004) demonstrated that spike timing variability was maximized near the single-pulse threshold current level and the spike initiation node exhibited a wider distribution as the electrode-to-axon distance increased.…”

Section: Spatial Effects Of CI Stimulation Related To Temporal Interamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible for anodic and cathodic pulse phases to cause different patterns of depolarization and hyperpolarization across the nodes of Ranvier in an SGN. For example, in the simplest case, by stimulating with monophasic pulses using computational models of cat and human SGNs, Rattay et al (2001) demonstrated that while model cat SGNs were more easily excited with the cathodic polarity, model human nerves displayed greater sensitivity to the anodic pulse. This result was confirmed in humans with biphasic pulses (Macherey et al 2008).…”

Section: Spatial Effects Of CI Stimulation Related To Temporal Interamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Considerations for Stimulating Spiral Ganglion Neurons with Cochlear Implants

Boulet

White

Bruce

2015

JARO

103

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A wealth of knowledge about different types of neural responses to electrical stimulation has been developed over the past 100 years. However, the exact forms of neural response properties can vary across different types of neurons. In this review, we survey four stimulus-response phenomena that in recent years are thought to be relevant for cochlear implant stimulation of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs): refractoriness, facilitation, accommodation, and spike rate adaptation. Of these four, refractoriness is the most widely known, and many perceptual and physiological studies interpret their data in terms of refractoriness without incorporating facilitation, accommodation, or spike rate adaptation. In reality, several or all of these behaviors are likely involved in shaping neural responses, particularly at higher stimulation rates. A better understanding of the individual and combined effects of these phenomena could assist in developing improved cochlear implant stimulation strategies. We review the published physiological data for electrical stimulation of SGNs that explores these four different phenomena, as well as some of the recent studies that might reveal the biophysical bases of these stimulus-response phenomena.

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Section: Mechanisms and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Effects Of CI Stimulation Related To Temporal Interamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Effects Of CI Stimulation Related To Temporal Interamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Considerations for Stimulating Spiral Ganglion Neurons with Cochlear Implants

Boulet

White

Bruce

2015

JARO

103

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“…These devices directly stimulate the surviving and functioning auditory nerve fibres (ANFs) with electrical pulses via an array of electrodes implanted as close as possible to the surviving ANFs inside the cochlea (Smit et al 2009). In order to better understand and hence predict the electrically stimulated neural response (ESNR) caused by the activation of an electrode, numerous ANF models (Frijns et al 1994;Rattay 1990;Rattay et al 2001b;Smit et al 2010) and volume conduction (VC) models (Frijns et al 1995;Hanekom 2001;Kalkman et al 2014;Malherbe et al 2015;Rattay et al 2001a) have been developed since the ground breaking nerve fibre model by Hodgkin and Huxley (1952). The modelled ESNRs are used to improve our understanding of the auditory nerve properties, the percepts produced by the CI and the wide variance in performance among CI users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modelled ESNRs are used to improve our understanding of the auditory nerve properties, the percepts produced by the CI and the wide variance in performance among CI users. An improved understanding in turn allows for improved stimulation strategies and CI designs so as to ultimately improve the sound perception of the CI user (Bruce et al 1999b;Frijns et al 2001;Frijns et al 1995;Macherey et al 2007;Rattay 1989;Rattay et al 2001a;Rattay et al 2001b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a voltage-dependent current noise algorithm for conductance-based stochastic modelling of auditory nerve fibres

Badenhorst

Hanekom

2016

Biol Cybern

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The study presents the development of an alternative noise current term and novel voltage dependent current noise algorithm for conductance based stochastic auditory nerve fibre (ANF) models. ANFs are known to have significant variance in threshold stimulus which affects temporal characteristics such as latency. This variance is primarily caused by the stochastic behaviour or microscopic fluctuations of the node of Ranvier's voltage dependent sodium channels of which the intensity is a function of membrane voltage. Though easy to implement and low in computational cost, existing current noise models have two deficiencies: it is independent of membrane voltage and it is unable to inherently determine the noise intensity required to produce in vivo measured discharge probability functions. The proposed algorithm overcomes these deficiencies whilst maintaining its low computational cost and ease of implementation compared to other conductance and Markovian based stochastic models. The algorithm is applied to a Hodgkin-Huxley based compartmental cat ANF model and validated via comparison of the threshold probability and latency distributions to measured cat ANF data. Simulation results show the algorithm's adherence to in vivo stochastic fibre characteristics such as an exponential relationship between the membrane noise and transmembrane voltage, a negative linear relationship between the log of the relative spread of the discharge probability and the log of the fibre diameter and a decrease in latency with an increase in stimulus intensity.

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Human Cochlea: Anatomical Characteristics and their Relevance for Cochlear Implantation

Rask‐Andersen

Liu

Erixon

et al. 2012

The Anatomical Record

142

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This is a review of the anatomical characteristics of human cochlea and the importance of variations in this anatomy to the process of cochlear implantation (CI). Studies of the human cochlea are essential to better comprehend the physiology and pathology of man's hearing. The human cochlea is difficult to explore due to its vulnerability and bordering capsule. Inner ear tissue undergoes quick autolytic changes making investigations of autopsy material difficult, even though excellent results have been presented over time. Important issues today are novel inner ear therapies including CI and new approaches for inner ear pharmacological treatments. Inner ear surgery is now a reality, and technical advancements in the design of electrode arrays and surgical approaches allow preservation of remaining structure/function in most cases. Surgeons should aim to conserve cochlear structures for future potential stem cell and gene therapies. Renewal interest of round window approaches necessitates further acquaintance of this complex anatomy and its variations. Rough cochleostomy drilling at the intricate ''hook'' region can generate intracochlear bone-dust-inducing fibrosis and new bone formation, which could negatively influence auditory nerve responses at a later time point. Here, we present macro-and microanatomic investigations of the human cochlea viewing the extensive anatomic variations that influence electrode insertion. In addition, electron microscopic (TEM and SEM) and immunohistochemical results, based on specimens removed at surgeries for lifethreatening petroclival meningioma and some well-preserved postmortal tissues, are displayed. These give us new information about structure as well as protein and molecular expression in man. Our aim was not to formulate a complete description of the complex human anatomy but to focus on aspects clinically relevant for electric stimulation, predominantly, the sensory targets, and how surgical atraumaticity best could be reached.

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A model of the electrically excited human cochlear neuron

Cited by 182 publications

References 50 publications

Temporal Considerations for Stimulating Spiral Ganglion Neurons with Cochlear Implants

Temporal Considerations for Stimulating Spiral Ganglion Neurons with Cochlear Implants

Development of a voltage-dependent current noise algorithm for conductance-based stochastic modelling of auditory nerve fibres

Human Cochlea: Anatomical Characteristics and their Relevance for Cochlear Implantation

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