A model of the central and reflex inhibition of inspiration in the cat

Bradley, Gunilla; Euler, Curt von; Marttila, Irja; Roos, B. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00364107

Cited by 208 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus morphine decoupled the mechanisms through which the chemical drives gained access to the 7-2 motoneurones from those concerned in the process of rhythm generation. This differs considerably from the model advanced by Euler (Bradley, Euler, Martilla & Roos, 1975;Euler, 1983) in which the central pattern generator lies between the source of the ventilatory drives (the peripheral and central chemoreceptors) and the bulbospinal neurones. Furthermore, in the model of Euler, the expiratory time which governs the onset of the next inspiratory burst has been assigned to a progressive inhibition of the expiratory half of the circuit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

The effects of opiates on the respiratory activity of thoracic motoneurones in the anaesthetized and decerebrate rabbit.

Howard¹,

Sears²

1991

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

The effects of opiates on the respiratory activity of thoracic motoneurones in the anaesthetized and decerebrate rabbit.

Howard¹,

Sears²

1991

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, excitatory drive to the RTN/pFRG would fit to a chemoreceptor-induced increase of the inspiratory rate. Finally, recently published data from the perfused brainstem preparation of juvenile rats suggest that the interaction between the neuronal population of the RTN/pFRG and pre-BötC relate to the inspiratory ramp pattern generator [3,15,23,24,54,55]. This is also supported by the presence of excitatory drive from the preinspiratory-like to the inspiratory-like neuron populations of the pre-BötC, because the excitatory coupling of preinspiratory neurones to augmenting inspiratory neurones is indeed a hallmark for the initiation of the inspiratory ramp in hypothetical models of respiratory rhythm generation [3,23,24,[54][55][56].…”

Section: Technical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfiguration of respiratory-related population activity in a rostrally tilted transversal slice preparation following blockade of inhibitory neurotransmission in neonatal rats

Funke

Müller

Dutschmann

2008

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies showed that respiratory rhythm generation depends on oscillators located in the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC) and the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG). To study inhibitory synaptic interactions between these two oscillators, we developed a rostrally tilted transversal slice preparation, which preserves these regions. The onset of rhythmic mass activity in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN)/ pFRG preceded that of the pre-BötC. Blockade of glycinergic and gamma-aminobutyric acidic inhibition synchronized preBötC and RTN/pFRG activity and significantly increased preBötC burst frequency, amplitude, and duration. Population imaging revealed recruitment of inspiratory-like neurones, while expiratory-like neurones lost their phasic activity. The reconfiguration after disinhibition reveals: (1) synaptic inhibition of the pre-BötC arising from the RTN/pFRG, (2) excitatory drive from the RTN/pFRG that triggers the preBötC burst. Our findings support the view that these synaptic interactions in vitro relate to the initiation of the inspiratory phase or to the steering of the expiratory-inspiratory phase transition in vivo.

show abstract

“…the 'inspiratory off-switch threshold' (Bradley, Euler, Marttila & Roos, 1974a, b, 1975Euler, Marttila, Remmers & Trippenbach, 1976;Euler & Trippenbach, 1976). In order to obtain further information on these aspects of ventilatory responses to chemical stimuli attempts were made to study the effects of variations in the input from the postulated central chemoreceptive structures (Astrom, 1952;Euler & S6derberg, 1952) to the respiratory neural control mechanisms by means of graded block of this input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded changes in central chemoreceptor input by local temperature changes on the ventral surface of medulla

Cherniack

Euler

Homma

et al. 1979

The Journal of Physiology

Self Cite

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. In cats under pentobarbitone anaesthesia the effects of focal temperature changes of the 'chemoceptive' areas on the ventral surface of medulla, described by Loescheke and his associates, were studied with respect to tidal volume, VT, tidal variation in efferent phrenic activity, PhrT, and respiratory rate. The cats were either paralysed and ventilated at various constant PA, co and Pa,O2 levels, or breathing spontaneously. It was confirmed that focal bilateral cooling of the intermediate, 'I(S)', areascaused rapid depression of respiration even at constant artificial ventilation. In normocapnic and normoxic conditions apnoea usually ensued at brain surface temperatures of 20-22 "C.3. The effects were graded along continuous temperature-response curves with enhancements of ventilation above and depression below normal body temperature.4. The strongest effects on VT and PhrT were obtained from the I(s) areas with no or only small effects on inspiratory or expiratory timing in the vagotomized animal. The Hering-Breuer inflation reflex and its effects on timing and amplitudes were not affected by cooling this area.5. Focal cooling of the caudal or the rostral 'chemoceptive' areas, 'C(L)' and 'R(M)' areas, caused smaller effects on VT and PhrT but produced significant effects on respiratory rate even after vagotomy.6. The effects of focal cooling of these areas could be mimicked by topical application of procaine solution which has been shown not to penetrate deeper than 100 pm from the surface. suggesting an additive type of interaction between the input from the peripheral chemoreceptors and that from the central (C02, H+) sensing structures whether the latter was altered by changing Peo2 or by focal temperature changes on the I(s) areas.9. In contrast to these effects of hypoxia and stimulation of the carotid sinus nerves the reflex increase of inspiratory activity caused by lung deflation or by electrical stimulation of the glossopharyngeal nerve distal to the carotid sinus nerves was C02 dependent. These reflex effects decreased with focal cooling of the I(s) areas as with hypocapnia, suggesting a mainly multiplicative or 'gain-changing' type of interaction with the central chemoceptive drive. 10. The close similarities in effect of focal cooling and of hypocapnia on the different respiratory parameters even during constant artificial ventilation indicate that focal temperature changes of the I(s) areas intervene effectively with the normal ventilatory response to CO2 without changing the chemical or physical environment of those neural structures in the brain stem which set respiratory pattern.

show abstract

A model of the central and reflex inhibition of inspiration in the cat

Cited by 208 publications

References 16 publications

The effects of opiates on the respiratory activity of thoracic motoneurones in the anaesthetized and decerebrate rabbit.

The effects of opiates on the respiratory activity of thoracic motoneurones in the anaesthetized and decerebrate rabbit.

Reconfiguration of respiratory-related population activity in a rostrally tilted transversal slice preparation following blockade of inhibitory neurotransmission in neonatal rats

Graded changes in central chemoreceptor input by local temperature changes on the ventral surface of medulla

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About