A model of mother–child coping and adjustment to HIV

Hough, Edythe S.; Brumitt, Gail A.; Templin, Thomas; Saltz, Eli; Mood, Darlene

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00061-8

Cited by 50 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…U.S.-based research indicates that children who feel more supported by their mother appear better able to cope with their mother's HIV status and its associated stressors (Hough et al 2003;Kotchick et al 1997). In particular, Jones et al (2007) found that the quality of the mother-child relationship interacted with disclosure of maternal HIV status to predict externalizing, but not internalizing, problems in African American children aged six to eleven.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disclosure of Maternal HIV-Infection in South Africa: Description and Relationship to Child Functioning

et al. 2008

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South Africa has one of the highest HIV-infection rates in the world, yet few studies have examined disclosure of maternal HIV status and its influence on children. This study provides descriptive information about HIV disclosure among South African mothers and explores whether family context variables interact with maternal HIV disclosure to affect children's functioning. A total of 103 mothers, who self-identified as living with HIV and who were the primary caregivers of a child between the ages of 11 and 16, were interviewed. A total of 44% of mothers had disclosed, and those who had most typically perceived children's reactions to disclosure to be sadness and worry. Widows and married mothers were more likely than single mothers to disclose their HIV status. Disclosure to children significantly predicted externalizing, but not internalizing, behaviors. Family variables had direct but not interactive effects on child functioning. This study highlights the complexity of disclosure-related decisions and the importance of addressing the family context.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disclosure of Maternal HIV-Infection in South Africa: Description and Relationship to Child Functioning

et al. 2008

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“…13,20 Studies of children affected by parental HIV/AIDS suggest that maternal psychological well-being mediates the association between a mother's HIV seropositive status and her children's psychosocial adjustment. 21 Parents' Physical Health Status and HIV Disclosure Previous studies of children of chronically ill parents indicate that children are often affected more by parents' physical impairment than illness per se and that regular contact with the parent may facilitate adaptation. 11,23 The effect of parental physical impairment on children's outcomes may be due, in part, to its association with depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Externalizing Behaviors among Children of HIV Seropositive Former and Current Drug Users: Parent Support Network Factors as Social Ecological Risks

et al. 2007

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Children affected by their parents' dual drug use and HIV/AIDS face considerable challenges to their psychosocial development, including parent dysfunction and foster care placement. While HIV/AIDS may increase parents' mobilization of social support, their drug use may restrict who is available to help them, with potential implications to the adjustment of their children with whom they remain in contact. This study sought to identify dually affected children's living situations, and parent and parent's support network factors as correlates of children's externalizing problem behaviors. An urban community sample of 462 HIV seropositive, current or former drug-using parents were queried about their children aged 5-15 years old. One hundred ninety-four children were reported by 119 parents. The outcome was children's externalizing behaviors of ever having been suspended or expelled from school, criminal-justice system involvement, or illicit drug or heavy alcohol use. Independent variables included kin and drug users in parent's support network. Generalized estimating equations were used to adjust for the potential correlation of children of the same parent. Among parents, 63% were mothers, 57% current opioid or cocaine users, 85% were African American, 35% had AIDS or CD<200, and 53% had high depressive symptoms (CES-D>or=16); median age was 38. Among children, median age was 12; 23% lived with the nominating parent, 65% with other family, and 11% in non-kin foster care. While only 34% of parents reported child custody, 43% reported daily contact with their child, and 90% reported high emotional closeness. Parents reported externalizing behaviors among 32% of the children. Logistic regression indicated that externalizing behavior was positively associated with parent's physical limitations and proportion of illicit drug users in parent's support network. A significant interaction was found indicating that the effect of parent's support network-level drug use was greater for children living with versus not living with the parent. The model adjusted for parent's current drug use and depressive symptoms, which were not significant. Results indicate that while only a minority of these dually affected children lived with the parent, the parents' physical limitations and embeddedness in drug using support networks, particularly if living with their children, was associated with the children's maladjustment. It is plausible that these factors interfere with parenting, expose the children to conflict or adverse social influences, or obligate children to assume caregiving for their parent. While dually affected children's contact with their parents may have important benefits, results suggest it presents ongoing needs for intervention with the children, their parents, and caregivers.

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“…Much of the literature on HIV-infected women has focused on distinguishing between the various coping strategies used in this population and the impact of those strategies on psychological quality of life (Ball, Tannenbaum, Armistead, & Maguen, 2002;Sankar & Luborsky, 2003). Two forms of coping have been identified in this population: active/plan-based coping, which is associated with positive adaptive outcomes such as well-being and decreased emotional distress (Phillips & Sowell, 2000), and passive/emotion-type coping, which is associated with increased emotional distress (Hough, Brumitt, Templin, Saltz, & Mood, 2003).…”

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the use of coping inventories validated on other populations such as homosexual/bisexual males identified other forms of coping used by a sample of low-income, HIV-infected, African American mothers. Noteworthy was the sample's use of active meaningmaking and passive tension-reducing coping (Hough et al, 2003). Identifying and enhancing the use of more effective coping can assist mothers with HIV to cope more effectively with multiple stressors that accompany the illness.…”

confidence: 99%

Coping With HIV: Perspectives of Mothers

Pittiglio

Hough²

2009

Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care

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This qualitative study explored how HIV-infected mothers cope with a diagnosis of HIV and their resulting life circumstances. The study was a secondary analysis of qualitative semistructured interviews with a subgroup of women (N = 35) who had participated in a larger quantitative and qualitative longitudinal study, Living with HIV/AIDS: Mother-Child Coping and Adjustment. The sample for the current study was primarily low-income HIV-infected mothers. Examination of the participants' narratives indicated that they relied on strategies that not only enabled them to cope with HIV but also helped them to develop better attitudes toward life and more positive behavior and to begin to live life differently than before the diagnosis. These results offset the stereotype that low-income women are less capable of coping with stressful life situations than other populations in that the coping strategies used by this population were very similar in form and function to those used by other more advantaged populations.

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A model of mother–child coping and adjustment to HIV

Cited by 50 publications

References 39 publications

Disclosure of Maternal HIV-Infection in South Africa: Description and Relationship to Child Functioning

Disclosure of Maternal HIV-Infection in South Africa: Description and Relationship to Child Functioning

Externalizing Behaviors among Children of HIV Seropositive Former and Current Drug Users: Parent Support Network Factors as Social Ecological Risks

Coping With HIV: Perspectives of Mothers

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