A model of early diagenetic processes from the shelf to abyssal depths

Soetaert, Karline; Herman, Peter M. J.; Middelburg, Jack J.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(96)00013-0

Cited by 400 publications

(361 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…A steady state version of a numerical coupled diagenetic model, OMEXDIA (Soetaert et al 1996), has been applied to the measured profiles of oxygen, ammonium and TOC to estimate the seasonal variation of C and N cycling, the rates of total carbon oxidation and the relative contribution of the majors pathways linked to organic matter mineralization as a function of station and season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial processes: The idealized model reactions considered to influence the distribution of porewater solutes were (Soetaert et al 1996) → an oxidant, where the stoichiometry of the organic matter is represented by the coefficients x (molar C:P ratio) and y (molar N:P ratio) and ODU. As described in Soetaert et al (1996), we assigned to ODU the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen sulfide (HS-) as it is the byproduct of sulfate reduction, the most prominent anoxic mineralization process in coastal marine sediments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described in Soetaert et al (1996), we assigned to ODU the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen sulfide (HS-) as it is the byproduct of sulfate reduction, the most prominent anoxic mineralization process in coastal marine sediments. This is particularly adapted to the benthic environment being studied where sulfate reduction is the dominant anoxic process compared to manganese or iron oxide reduction (Metzger et al 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles in sediments from a Mediterranean lagoon: a seasonal perspective

Dedieu¹,

Gilbert²,

Soetaert³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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International audienceExperimental data and simulations were used to investigate the seasonal coupling between carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles in marine sediments from a eutrophic shallow lagoon in the Mediterranean Sea area. A negative seasonal correlation was observed between oxygen consumption and coupled nitrification–denitrification rates in surface sediments. Elevated values of oxygen consumption rates were reached during warm periods (up to 87.7 mmol m–2 d–1) whereas nitrification and denitrification rates remained close to the lowest rates reported for coastal sediments (values around 0.021 to 0.35 mmol N m–2 d–1 for nitrification and 0.014 to 0.045 mmol N m–2 d–1 for denitrification). A steady-state diagenetic model closely represented the seasonal negative correlation of oxygen uptake, coupled nitrification–denitrification rates, the vertical distribution patterns of pore water oxygen and the solid phase distribution of organic carbon when nitrification inhibition by sulfide was included. Simulation adjusted to field data also highlighted the importance of oxygen penetration depth in the seasonal variation of nitrification. The modelling indicated that anaerobic metabolism was the most significant pathway (65 to 80%) during organic matter mineralization with a clear seasonal increase during warm periods. These warm periods were also characterized by the higher benthic demand of oxygen mostly used to re-oxidize the by-products from anaerobic reactions (from 57 to 82%), the other part being used for carbon mineralization

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles in sediments from a Mediterranean lagoon: a seasonal perspective

Dedieu¹,

Gilbert²,

Soetaert³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Moreover, a simple reaction-diffusion model combined with in situ microelectrode data can be used to derive oxygen fluxes in deep-sea sediments (Reimers et al 2001). Oxygen fluxes provide an accurate measure for total sediment respiration because aerobic respiration accounts for almost all organic matter mineralization in deep-sea sediments and most mineralization in slope sediments (Epping et al 2002) and because most products of anaerobic mineralization (ammonium, reduced iron and manganese, sulfide) are efficiently re-oxidized (Soetaert et al 1996, and see Middelburg et al Chapter 11). Oxygen consumption coupled to re-oxidation of reduced components varies from about 20% in deepsea sediments (oxygen consumption due to nitrification) to more than 60% in shelf sediments (Soetaert et al 1996).…”

Section: Benthic Respiration In the Dark Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxygen fluxes provide an accurate measure for total sediment respiration because aerobic respiration accounts for almost all organic matter mineralization in deep-sea sediments and most mineralization in slope sediments (Epping et al 2002) and because most products of anaerobic mineralization (ammonium, reduced iron and manganese, sulfide) are efficiently re-oxidized (Soetaert et al 1996, and see Middelburg et al Chapter 11). Oxygen consumption coupled to re-oxidation of reduced components varies from about 20% in deepsea sediments (oxygen consumption due to nitrification) to more than 60% in shelf sediments (Soetaert et al 1996). Although oxygen consumption does not provide a good measure for aerobic respiration in slope sediments, it gives a reliable measure of total respiration because of efficient, quantitative re-oxidation of anaerobic respiration products (Jørgensen 1982).…”

Section: Benthic Respiration In the Dark Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

Arı́stegui¹,

Agustı́²,

Middelburg³

et al. 2005

Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems

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OutlineIn this chapter the mechanisms of transport and remineralization of organic matter in the dark water-column and sediments of the oceans are reviewed. We compare the different approaches to estimate respiration rates, and discuss the discrepancies obtained by the different methodologies. Finally, a respiratory carbon budget is produced for the dark ocean, which includes vertical and lateral fluxes of organic matter. In spite of the uncertainties inherent in the different approaches to estimate carbon fluxes and oxygen consumption in the dark ocean, estimates vary only by a factor of 1.5. Overall, direct measurements of respiration, as well as indirect approaches, converge to suggest a total dark ocean respiration of 1.5-1.7 Pmol C a −1 . Carbon mass balances in the dark ocean suggest that the dark ocean receives 1.5-1.6 Pmol C a −1 , similar to the estimated respiration, of which >70% is in the form of sinking particles. Almost all the organic matter (∼92%) is remineralized in the water column, the burial in sediments accounts for <1%. Mesopelagic (150-1000 m) respiration accounts for ∼70% of dark ocean respiration, with average integrated rates of 3-4 mol C m −2 a −1 , 6-8 times greater than in the bathypelagic zone (∼0.5 mol C m −2 a −1 ). The results presented here renders respiration in the dark ocean a major component of the carbon flux in the biosphere, and should promote research in the dark ocean, with the aim of better constraining the role of the biological pump in the removal and storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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Toward a parameterization of global‐scale organic carbon mineralization kinetics in surface marine sediments

Stolpovsky

Dale

Wallmann

2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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An empirical function is derived for predicting the rate-depth profile of particulate organic carbon (POC) degradation in surface marine sediments including the bioturbated layer. The rate takes the form of a power law analogous to the Middelburg function. The functional parameters were optimized by simulating measured benthic O 2 and NO 3 À fluxes at 185 stations worldwide using a diagenetic model. The novelty of this work rests with the finding that the vertically resolved POC degradation rate in the bioturbated zone can be determined using a simple function where the POC rain rate is the governing variable. Although imperfect, the model is able to fit 71% of paired O 2 and NO 3 À fluxes to within 50% of measured values. It further provides realistic geochemical concentration-depth profiles, NO 3 À penetration depths, and apparent first-order POC mineralization rate constants. The model performs less well on the continental shelf due to the high sediment heterogeneity there. When applied to globally resolved maps of rain rate, the model predicts a global denitrification rate of 182 ± 88 Tg yr À1 of N and a POC burial rate of 107 ± 52 Tg yr À1 of C with a mean carbon burial efficiency of 6.1%. These results are in very good agreement with published values. Our proposed function is conceptually simple, requires less parameterization than multi-G-type models, and is suitable for nonsteady state applications. It provides a basis for more accurately simulating benthic nutrient fluxes and carbonate dissolution rates in Earth system models.

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A model of early diagenetic processes from the shelf to abyssal depths

Cited by 400 publications

References 66 publications

Coupling of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles in sediments from a Mediterranean lagoon: a seasonal perspective

Coupling of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen cycles in sediments from a Mediterranean lagoon: a seasonal perspective

Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

Toward a parameterization of global‐scale organic carbon mineralization kinetics in surface marine sediments

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