A model for the prediction of structure–property relations in cross-linked polymers

Foreman, Joel P.; Porter, David; Behzadi, Shabnam; Jones, Frank R.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.034

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Semicrystalline polymers require additional relaxation temperatures to be included in the model to differentiate the crystal and amorphous transitions (Vollrath and Porter, 2005;Porter and Vollrath, 2008). Thermoset resins include the reduction of degrees of freedom due to branching or crosslinking sites (Jones, 2005;Foreman et al, 2006;Foreman et al, 2008). Validation examples for a wider range of such polymers using this model will be presented in future work, along with a broader discussion of post-yield strain softening and hardening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive nonlinear constitutive relations in polymers through loss history

Porter

Gould

2009

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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a b s t r a c tA model is presented that calculates the highly nonlinear mechanical properties of polymers as a function of temperature, strain and strain rate from their molecular structure. The model is based upon the premise that mechanical properties are a direct consequence of energy stored and energy dissipated during deformation of a material. This premise is transformed into a consistent set of structure-property relations for the equation of state and the engineering constitutive relations in a polymer by quantifying energy storage and loss at the molecular level of interactions between characteristic groups of atoms in a polymer. The constitutive relations are formulated as a set of analytical equations that predict properties directly in terms of a small set of structural parameters that can be calculated directly and independently from the chemical composition and morphology of a polymer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive nonlinear constitutive relations in polymers through loss history

Porter

Gould

2009

International Journal of Solids and Structures

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“…Further, recent extensions of the group interaction model have suggested that it might be extended to allow for the interaction between differing side groups. 35,36 Consequently, while not directly considered in the interpretation of material behavior here, in the future this approach may potentially provide a route to numerically predict steric effects. Figure 5 shows typical gelatin, ballistic soap and lard lateral stress profiles.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the dynamic behavior of three readily available soft tissue simulants

Appleby-Thomas¹,

Hazell²,

Wilgeroth³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Plate-impact experiments have been employed to investigate the dynamic response of three readily available tissue simulants for ballistic purposes: gelatin, ballistic soap (both subdermal tissue simulants), and lard (adipose layers). All three materials exhibited linear Hugoniot equations-of-state in the U S -u P plane. While gelatin behaved hydrodynamically under shock, soap and lard appeared to strengthen under increased loading. Interestingly, the simulants under test appeared to strengthen in a material-independent manner on shock arrival (tentatively attributed to a rearrangement of the amorphous molecular chains under loading). However, material-specific behavior was apparent behind the shock. This behavior appeared to correlate with microstructural complexity, suggesting a steric hindrance effect.

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“…Until now the ability to predict the thermal stability of polymers, particularly high performance materials, whose success depends on their survival in extreme environments, has relied on additive approaches (e.g., based on van Krevelen's approach) and the group interaction modeling (GIM) method has been employed very successfully to epoxy resins. [1] We will show how molecular dynamics, using commercial software, can be employed to predict reliably the onset of thermal degradation in commercial thermosetting polymers. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to determine the thermal degradation behavior of a commercial cyanate ester (PT-30) and a nanocomposite of the same material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%