A model for naturalistic glance behavior around Tesla Autopilot disengagements

Multitasking While Driving: How Drivers Self-Regulate Their Interaction with In-Vehicle Touchscreens in Automated Driving

“…In line with the findings of Noble et al (2021), Gaspar andCarney (2019), andMorando et al (2021), we also show that drivers are more likely to perform glances longer than two seconds when driving automation is enabled. Whereas Morando et al (2021) report an increase in the long glance probability toward the center stack touchscreen between manual and level 2 driving of 425 %, our results are similar to that of our previous study (Ebel et al, 2022) and suggest an increase of 263 %. While the trend is similar, the absolute difference is probably due to differences in the driving environments, the systems under test or the data acquisition.…”

“…Even though drivers are supposed to constantly supervise the driving automation (On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) committee, 2021), the median glance duration during touchscreen interactions in ACC+LCA driving is 0.59 s longer than in manual driving. In comparison, Morando et al (2021) report an average increase of 0.3 s for glances to the center stack regardless of drivers interacting with the touchscreen. In line with the findings of Noble et al (2021), Gaspar andCarney (2019), andMorando et al (2021), we also show that drivers are more likely to perform glances longer than two seconds when driving automation is enabled.…”

“…In comparison, Morando et al (2021) report an average increase of 0.3 s for glances to the center stack regardless of drivers interacting with the touchscreen. In line with the findings of Noble et al (2021), Gaspar andCarney (2019), andMorando et al (2021), we also show that drivers are more likely to perform glances longer than two seconds when driving automation is enabled. Whereas Morando et al (2021) report an increase in the long glance probability toward the center stack touchscreen between manual and level 2 driving of 425 %, our results are similar to that of our previous study (Ebel et al, 2022) and suggest an increase of 263 %.…”

“…Another naturalistic driving study is presented by Morando et al (2019) who found a significant decrease in the percentage of time with eyes on the road center when using ACC + Lane Keeping Assist (LKA) (Morando et al, 2019). In a subsequent study, the authors investigated drivers' glance behavior during disengagements of Tesla's Autopilot in naturalistic highway driving (Morando, Gershon, Mehler, & Reimer, 2021). Whereas they found that all off-road glances tended to be longer with AP compared to manual driving, the difference was particularly big for glances down and toward the center stack.…”

Concevoir des dispositifs intégrant une technologie autonome : du technique au politique

“…[…] Après l'incident, Tesla a tenu à rappeler que son Autopilot n'était qu'une aide à la conduite destinée à épauler un conducteur pleinement attentif. Ce cas vient renforcer les conclusions d'une étude récente menée par des chercheurs du MIT sur l'Autopilot (Morando, Gershon, Mehler, & Reimer, 2021). Le rapport indique en effet que lorsque le pilotage automatique est activé, la vigilance des conducteurs a tendance à baisser : « les changements dans la durée et la configuration du regard suggèrent une attention visuelle moindre sur la route devant soi lorsque l'Autopilot est engagé, par rapport à ce qui se passe lors de son désengagement et donc du passage à la conduite manuelle.…”