A model for conceptualizing interventions in social service agencies.

Hoge, Robert D.; Andrews, D. A.

doi:10.1037/h0079971

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The psychology of criminal conduct recognizes multiple sources of variation in criminal recidivism (Andrews, 1980(Andrews, , 1983 Andrews and Kiessling, 1980;Andrews et al, 1990;Cullen and Gendreau, 1989; Hoge and Andrews, 1986;Palmer, 1983;Warren, 1969). These major sources of variation are found through analyses of the main and interactive effects of (a) preservice characteristics of offenders, (b) characteristics of correctional workers, (c) specifics of the content and process of services planned and delivered, and (d) intermediate changes in the person and circumstances of individual offenders.…”

Section: Clinically Relevant and Psychologically Informed Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Correctional Treatment Work? A Clinically Relevant and Psychologically Informed Meta‐analysis *

et al. 1990

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Careful reading of the literature on the psychology of criminal conduct and of prior reviews of studies of treatment effects suggests that neither criminal sanctioning without provision of rehabilitative service nor servicing without reference to clinical principles of rehabilitation will succeed in reducing recidivism. What works, in our view, is the delivery of appropriate correctional service, and appropriate service reflects three psychological principles: (1) delivery of service to higher risk cases, (2) targeting of criminogenic needs, and (3) use of styles and modes of treatment (e.g., cognitive and behavioral) that are matched with client need and learning styles. These principles were applied to studies of juvenile and adult correctional treatment, which yielded 154 phi coefficients that summarized the magnitude and direction of the impact of treatment on recidivism. The effect of appropriate correctional service (mean phi = .30) was significantly (p <.05) greater than that of unspecified correctional service (.13), and both were more effective than inappropriate service (−.06) and non‐service criminal sanctioning (−.07). Service was effective within juvenile and adult corrections, in studies published before and after 1980, in randomized and nonrandomized designs, and in diversionary, community, and residential programs (albeit, attenuated in residential settings). Clinical sensitivity and a psychologically informed perspective on crime may assist in the renewed service, research, and conceptual efforts that are strongly indicated by our review.

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Section: Clinically Relevant and Psychologically Informed Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Correctional Treatment Work? A Clinically Relevant and Psychologically Informed Meta‐analysis *

et al. 1990

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“…To do so, however, requires extensive experience with victims and access to a consecutive case file. If such information is to be obtained, it will require providing research funds to those who are close to the problem, and of recognizing that formal research designs, while appropriate for some purposes, are often inappropriate for conceptualizing interventions on social problems (Hoge & Andrews, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The "social" nature of sexual assault.

Renner

Wackett²,

Ganderton³

1988

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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The experience of rape crisis counsellors suggest that victims of rape are often victimized again, after the assault, by social, medical and legal processes. Because of this, women who are sexually assaulted are frequently reluctant to receive medical attention, report the crime to the police, or even tell close friends and relatives, and they may experience some degree of self-blame and guilt over the assault. This paper reports descriptive information about the social victimization process and the psychological experiences of 231 consecutive cases of rape reported to a Sexual Assault Service. Until the "social" nature of victimization is acknowledged and better understood, primary intervention strategies of social action (directed at others) will be difficult to implement and social services will continue to be victim-centered and victim-blaming. The implications for psychological research and service of this "social" aspect of social problems is discussed.One of the common misconceptions about sexual assaults is the belief that the majority of "genuine" cases involves either harm or threat of harm by an assailant who is unknown to the victim when, in fact, most assaults are by a person known to the victim, take place in the victim's own home, and do not include physical injury (Renner & Wackett, 1987).There is widespread cultural support for a variety of beliefs and attitudes about sex roles and the relationship between men and women (Herman, 1984) that assume that when there is not actual harm or threat of harm, and when the assailant is known to the victim, that unwanted sex seldom happens, and when it does happen, is not rape (Burt, 1980; Williams & Holmes, 1981). For example, Seligmann (1984) reported that in a 1981 survey of teenagers that 54% of the boys and 42% of the girls believed forced This research was supported by the Ministry of the Solicitor General under the Solicitor General Fund for Independent Research. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the Solicitor General nor the Government of Canada.Requests for reprints may be forwarded to Dr.

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“…Organization. Hoge and Andrews (1986) propose a model of intervention in social service agencies that takes into account some of the critical social-cultural and political-economic variables that impact on human service organizations. They postulate that the ultimate outcomes of human service agencies are functions of the main effects and interactions among six sets of intervening factors including: setting, client, worker, program, and process factors, as well as intermediate outcomes (see Figure 2).…”

Section: Levels Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8. Hoge and Andrews (1986) postulate that the ultimate outcomes of human service agencies are functions of the main effects and interactions among six sets of intervening factors. Name these factors.…”

Section: Gary Bernfeldmentioning

confidence: 99%