A Model for Certain Types of Selection Experiments

Manly, Bryan F. J.

doi:10.2307/2529649

Cited by 425 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is a special case of estimating the weights from a Multivariate Wallenius' Noncentral Hypergeometric Distribution, which requires numerical methods [19]. Manly showed that the weights can be estimated if there are many (>10) balls with the same label being drawn [20], but we have only one ball with each label, so we cannot use his approach. To measure importance via the urn model we need to calculate the probability of observing a set of sequences given the object importances π i .…”

Section: Fitting the Urnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Objects Are More Equal Than Others: Measuring and Predicting Importance

Spain

Perona

2008

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. We observe that everyday images contain dozens of objects, and that humans, in describing these images, give different priority to these objects. We argue that a goal of visual recognition is, therefore, not only to detect and classify objects but also to associate with each a level of priority which we call 'importance'. We propose a definition of importance and show how this may be estimated reliably from data harvested from human observers. We conclude by showing that a first-order estimate of importance may be computed from a number of simple image region measurements and does not require access to image meaning.

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Section: Fitting the Urnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Objects Are More Equal Than Others: Measuring and Predicting Importance

Spain

Perona

2008

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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“…In all other cases, the exact P value was estimated using 500 000 resamplings. Preference was measured using the index proposed by Manly (1974Manly ( , 1985 :…”

Section: (Iv) Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide resistance genes confer a predation cost on mosquitoes, Culex pipiens

et al. 2004

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SummaryNewly occurring adaptive genes, such as those providing insecticide resistance, display a fitness cost which is poorly understood. In order to detect subtle behavioural changes induced by the presence of resistance genes, we used natural predators and compared their differential predation on susceptible and resistant Culex pipiens mosquitoes, using strains with a similar genetic background. Resistance genes were either coding an overproduced detoxifying esterase (locus Ester), or an insensitive target (locus ace-1). Differential predation was measured between susceptible and resistant individuals, as well as among resistant mosquitoes. A backswimmer, a water measurer, a water boatman and a predaceous diving beetle were used as larval predators, and a pholcid spider as adult predator. Overall, the presence of a resistance gene increased the probability of predation : all resistance genes displayed predation costs relative to susceptible ones, at either the larval or adult stage, or both. Interestingly, predation preferences among the susceptible and the resistance genes were not ranked uniformly. Possible explanations for these results are given, and we suggest that predators, which are designed by natural selection to detect specific behavioural phenotypes, are useful tools to explore non-obvious differences between two classes of individuals, for example when they differ by the presence or absence of one recent gene, such as insecticide resistance genes.

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“…This measure should not itself change with prey density (nor with prey depletion) and it should vary only as a consequence of behavioural changes of the predator (apart from behavioural changes of the prey, a possibility which cannot be ruled out without additional observations). Chesson (1983) showed that these requirements are met by an index of prey preference due to Manly et al (1972) and further extended by Manly (1974) and Chesson (1978). An advantage of using Manly's index is that it can be used to predict consumer preference in situations other than the ones in which the index was originally estimated.…”

Section: Abstract: Prey Preference -Predation -Behaviour -Acarimentioning

confidence: 99%

How to analyse prey preference when prey density varies? A new method to discriminate between effects of gut fullness and prey type composition

Sabelis

1990

Oecologia

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How to analyse prey preference when prey density varies? a new method to discriminate between effects of gut fullness and prey type composition Sabelis, M.W. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.

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A Model for Certain Types of Selection Experiments

Cited by 425 publications

References 14 publications

Some Objects Are More Equal Than Others: Measuring and Predicting Importance

Some Objects Are More Equal Than Others: Measuring and Predicting Importance

Insecticide resistance genes confer a predation cost on mosquitoes, Culex pipiens

How to analyse prey preference when prey density varies? A new method to discriminate between effects of gut fullness and prey type composition

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