“…Nevertheless, when it comes to cognitive load, conclusions are various. Some show that both the ML and ME in experimental group was lower than those in control group (Lin & Lin, ; Shadiev et al, ); some show that both the ML and ME in experimental group was higher than those in control group (Sung, Hwang, Liu, & Chiu, ), whereas others find that there was no significant difference between two groups in both ML and ME (Chang, Shih, & Chang, ). Additionally, some studies show that students in experimental class did not perform better than students in control class as their ML was higher (Chu, ), as they require interacting not only with digital learning materials.…”