Abstract:Existing early detection methods that deal with the pre-diagnosis of dementia have been criticised as not being comprehensive as they do not measure certain cognitive functioning domains besides being inaccessible. A more realistic approach is to develop a comprehensive outcome that includes cognitive functioning of dementia, as this will offer a robust and unbiased outcome for an individual. In this research, a mobile screening application for dementia traits called DementiaTest is proposed, which adopts the … Show more
“…The potential use of AI and ML techniques in CAD systems related to dementia is vast, nevertheless few applied research studies have been done to investigate how to integrate AI technology with traditional diagnosis procedures, i.e. (Thabtah et al, 2020;Baadel et al, 2020;Chua, et al, 2019;Newman et al, 2018). One of the distinctive advantages that AI techniques offer besides improved predictions is the exceptional ways for presenting the discovered knowledge to facilitate the development of treatment and management plans for patients and their caregivers.…”
Dementia is an umbrella term for multiple neurocognitive conditions that affect one's functional independence making daily activities challenging. Early screening can be critical for successful management of the disease, thus tools implemented within mobile technology to speed up accessibility are becoming more common. This research critically analyses dementia and mild cognitive impartment (MCI) screening tools in terms of their clinical validity & acceptability, efficiency, and performance. We used inclusion and exclusion criteria to search Android and Apple mobile stores, for dementia and MCI screening applications. The comparison of the prevailing apps suggests that no app fulfils the considered evaluation criteria. Hence, the development of dementia screening apps that cover cognitive, memory, and execution domains defined within the neurocognitive disorders for dementia diagnosis of Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), may provide clear clinical benefit as these domains are crucial. Apps such as Cognity are promising as they include new intelligent features by using artificial intelligence to screen individuals.
“…The potential use of AI and ML techniques in CAD systems related to dementia is vast, nevertheless few applied research studies have been done to investigate how to integrate AI technology with traditional diagnosis procedures, i.e. (Thabtah et al, 2020;Baadel et al, 2020;Chua, et al, 2019;Newman et al, 2018). One of the distinctive advantages that AI techniques offer besides improved predictions is the exceptional ways for presenting the discovered knowledge to facilitate the development of treatment and management plans for patients and their caregivers.…”
Dementia is an umbrella term for multiple neurocognitive conditions that affect one's functional independence making daily activities challenging. Early screening can be critical for successful management of the disease, thus tools implemented within mobile technology to speed up accessibility are becoming more common. This research critically analyses dementia and mild cognitive impartment (MCI) screening tools in terms of their clinical validity & acceptability, efficiency, and performance. We used inclusion and exclusion criteria to search Android and Apple mobile stores, for dementia and MCI screening applications. The comparison of the prevailing apps suggests that no app fulfils the considered evaluation criteria. Hence, the development of dementia screening apps that cover cognitive, memory, and execution domains defined within the neurocognitive disorders for dementia diagnosis of Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), may provide clear clinical benefit as these domains are crucial. Apps such as Cognity are promising as they include new intelligent features by using artificial intelligence to screen individuals.
“…In addition, the technology of touch screens in smartphones and tablets facilitates and accelerates the entry of information, which makes it easy for the elderly to perform these tests even though they have less computer skills [29]. Due to the advantages of touch technology, in some tests that were based on desktop, this technology has also been used to facilitate information entry [27,30,31].…”
Background: The number of people with dementia is increasing dramatically. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, use of digital screening tests can play a significant role in the remote and timely detection of people with dementia. The aim of this study is to review digital cognitive tests for dementia screening.
Methods: We searched Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane in June, 2022. 1348 articles were identified. After reviewing the articles and excluding duplicates and irrelevant articles, thirty-two articles met our inclusion criteria.
Results: The studies were classified into 3 groups as follows: 1) mobile-based screening tests 2) desktop-based screening tests 3) web-based screening tests.
Conclusion: The use of digital cognitive tests, especially mobile-based screening tests, facilitates timely diagnosis of dementia. Development of AI-based screening tests and use of technologies such as virtual reality and chatbots will set a bright future in early detection of dementia.
“…In recent years, computerized cognitive tests have been introduced for screening and detection of dementia [55,56]. They collect data on participants' behaviour during the tests as well as their total scores.…”
With populations ageing, the number of people with dementia worldwide is expected to triple to 152 million by 2050. Seventy percent of cases are due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and there A PREPRINT -APRIL 30, 2021 is a 10-20 year 'pre-clinical' period before significant cognitive decline occurs. We urgently need, cost effective, objective methods to detect AD, and other dementias, at an early stage. Risk factor modification could prevent 40% of cases and drug trials would have greater chances of success if participants are recruited at an earlier stage. Currently, detection of dementia is largely by pen and paper cognitive tests but these are time consuming and insensitive to pre-clinical phases. Specialist brain scans and body fluid biomarkers can detect the earliest stages of dementia but are too invasive or expensive for widespread use. With the advancement of technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows promising results in assisting with detection of early-stage dementia. Existing AI-aided methods and potential future research directions are reviewed and discussed.
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