A Mixture of Pure, Isolated Polyphenols Worsens the Insulin Resistance and Induces Kidney and Liver Fibrosis Markers in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Sanz-Lamora, Hèctor; Marrero, Pedro F.; Haro, Diego; Relat, Joana

doi:10.3390/antiox11010120

“…The extreme worsening of hyperinsulinemia and apparent insulin resistance in females remains therefore unexplained. A recent study reported worsening glucose metabolism in a mice fed purified polyphenols diet-induced obese mouse model [53]. These data suggests that the potential anti-obesity and anti-diabetic benefits of cocoa may differ in mice based on T2D stage, biological sex, and/or hormonal status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cocoa Extract Exerts Sex-Specific Effects in an Aggressive Hyper-Glycemia Model: A Pilot Study

Racine¹,

Iglesias‐Carres²,

Herring³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Cocoa may slow T2D development and progression. This study employed male and female BTBR.Cg-Lepob/ob/WiscJ and wild type (WT) controls to assess the potential for cocoa to ameliorate progressive T2D and compare responses between sexes. Mice received diet without (WT, ob/ob) or with cocoa extract (ob/ob + c) for 10 weeks. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT/ITT) were conducted at weeks 1, 5 and 2, 6, respectively. Cocoa provided mild non-significant protection against weight gain vs. ob/ob control in males but not females. Male ob/ob + c had increasing fasting glucose at weeks 1 and 5 GTTs, with significantly higher levels of fasting glucose than ob/ob control at week 5. This was not seen in females. Cocoa protected against elevated 4-hour fasting glucose in week 2, but not week 6, ITTs. Cocoa partly suppressed hyperinsulinemia in males but significantly amplified it in females and protected against loss of beta cell area in females only. The mechanisms of these sex-specific effects remain to be elucidated. This study informs additional experiments with larger sample sizes and demonstrates that sex differences must be considered when designing dietary interventions for T2D.

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“…The combination of elevated circulating insulin and serum triglycerides, particularly in female ob/ob + c, can potentially be explained by more severe hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which may have led to greater lipolysis in order to meet fuel demands. A recent study reported worsening glucose metabolism in a mice fed purified polyphenols diet-induced obese mouse model [36]. These data suggest that the potential anti-obesity and anti-diabetic benefits of cocoa may differ in mice based on T2D stage, biological sex, and/or hormonal status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The extreme worsening of hyperinsulinemia and apparent insulin resistance in females remain therefore unexplained. A recent study reported worsening glucose metabolism in a mice fed purified polyphenols diet-induced obese mouse model 52 . These data suggest that the potential anti-obesity and anti-diabetic benefits of cocoa may differ in mice based on T2D stage, biological sex, and/or hormonal status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocoa extract exerts sex-specific anti-diabetic effects in an aggressive type-2 diabetes model: a pilot study

Racine¹,

Iglesias‐Carres²,

Herring

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Cocoa may slow T2D development and progression. This study employed male and female BTBR.Cg-Lepob/ob/WiscJ and wild type (WT) controls to assess the potential for cocoa to ameliorate progressive T2D and compare responses between sexes. Mice received diet without (WT, ob/ob) or with cocoa extract (ob/ob + c) for 10 weeks. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT/ITT) were conducted at weeks 1, 5 and 2, 6, respectively. Cocoa provided mild non-significant protection against weight gain vs. ob/ob control in males but not females. Male ob/ob + c had increasing fasting glucose at weeks 1 and 5 GTTs, with significantly higher levels of fasting glucose than ob/ob control at week 5. This was not seen in females. Cocoa protected against elevated 4-hour fasting glucose in week 2, but not week 6, ITTs. Cocoa partly suppressed hyperinsulinemia in males but significantly amplified it in females and protected against loss of beta cell area in females only. The mechanisms of these sex-specific effects remain to be elucidated. This study informs additional experiments with larger sample sizes and demonstrates that sex differences must be considered when designing dietary interventions for T2D.

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“…Finally, it is important to mention very recent research published by H. Sanz-Lamora et al that found that treatment with pure polyphenol supplementation (D18060501) worsened insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-Pinitol—Active Natural Product from Carob with Notable Insulin Regulation

Azab¹

2022

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Carob is one of the major food trees for peoples of the Mediterranean basin, but it has also been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Carob contains many nutrients and active natural products, and D-Pinitol is clearly one of the most important of these. D-Pinitol has been reported in dozens of scientific publications and its very diverse medicinal properties are still being studied. Presently, more than thirty medicinal activities of D-Pinitol have been reported. Among these, many publications have reported the strong activities of D-Pinitol as a natural antidiabetic and insulin regulator, but also as an active anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, and is also immune- and hepato-protective. In this review, we will present a brief introduction of the nutritional and medicinal importance of Carob, both traditionally and as found by modern research. In the introduction, we will present Carob’s major active natural products. The structures of inositols will be presented with a brief literature summary of their medicinal activities, with special attention to those inositols in Carob, as well as D-Pinitol’s chemical structure and its medicinal and other properties. D-Pinitol antidiabetic and insulin regulation activities will be extensively presented, including its proposed mechanism of action. Finally, a discussion followed by the conclusions and future vision will summarize this article.

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A Mixture of Pure, Isolated Polyphenols Worsens the Insulin Resistance and Induces Kidney and Liver Fibrosis Markers in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 80 publications

Cocoa Extract Exerts Sex-Specific Effects in an Aggressive Hyper-Glycemia Model: A Pilot Study

Cocoa Extract Exerts Sex-Specific Effects in an Aggressive Hyper-Glycemia Model: A Pilot Study

Cocoa extract exerts sex-specific anti-diabetic effects in an aggressive type-2 diabetes model: a pilot study

D-Pinitol—Active Natural Product from Carob with Notable Insulin Regulation

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