“…Other theories so far formulated include the variational principles (Talbot and Willis, 1983), the differential (incremental) scheme (Beltzer and Brauner, 1987;Biwa et al, 2003), etc, for randomly arranged fiber composites. On the other hand, homogenization techniques based on asymptotic expansions or the Bloch theorem have been applied to wave propagation in composites with regular and periodic fiber arrangements (Nelson and Navi, 1975;Murakami and Hegemier, 1986;Naciri et al, 1994). Such periodic composites recently attract much attention regarding the phononic band gap structures and their acoustic applications (Kushwaha et al, 1993(Kushwaha et al, , 1994.…”