A mitochondria-targeted and viscosity-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe for visualization of fatty liver, inflammation and photodynamic cancer therapy

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-emitting small organic molecules for cancer imaging and therapy

“…106a). 249 This probe was comprised of the p -hydroxydiphenylamino substituted oxanthracene moiety as the electron donor and the pyridinium cationic unit serving as both the electron acceptor and the mitochondria-targeting moiety. Probe 105 exhibited weak fluorescence owing to TICT caused by intramolecular rotation in low viscosity media but strong fluorescence at 720 nm ( λ ex = 565 nm) in high viscosity media (Fig.…”

Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Detection of ONOO–, Viscosity, and Polarity and Its Application in Ferroptosis and Cancer Models

“…47−53 On the other hand, mounting research indicated that the pathophysiological microenvironments, such as increased viscosity and decreased polarity, have been regarded as effective markers of tumors. 21,26,54 Meanwhile, recent studies have also shown that a significant increase in the ONOO − level is observed during tumor progression, suggesting its potential as a tumor marker. 4,55 However, owing to the lack of a suitable probe, the simultaneous visualization of ONOO − , viscosity, and polarity in ferroptosis and cancer models has not been validated.…”

“…Fluorescence imaging technology combined with molecular probes has become a powerful tool for real-time imaging and noninvasive visualizing biomolecules, due to its high sensitivity, high selectivity, excellent biocompatibility, and high temporal spatial resolution. To date, a large number of prominent fluorescent probes for detecting viscosity, − polarity, ,,− or ONOO – ,− in living biosystems have been reported; however, most of them are based on the individual detection of these parameters. Although combining several fluorescent probes in one system can achieve simultaneous detection of multiple analytes, a single probe with multiple-sensing capability can not only reduce the complexity of the work but also more significantly avoid the optical cross-talk, different localization, and metabolism of the multiple probes in vivo . ,,− So, the multifunctional probe for simultaneously detecting microenvironment parameters and biomolecules has emerged as a promising tool for understanding the complex cellular function and various physiological/ pathological processes. − …”

“…Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic cell death pathway that is characterized by excessive accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides . Recent studies have found that ferroptosis is also accompanied by the upgeneration of ROS levels and changes in viscosity or polarity. − On the other hand, mounting research indicated that the pathophysiological microenvironments, such as increased viscosity and decreased polarity, have been regarded as effective markers of tumors. ,, Meanwhile, recent studies have also shown that a significant increase in the ONOO – level is observed during tumor progression, suggesting its potential as a tumor marker. , However, owing to the lack of a suitable probe, the simultaneous visualization of ONOO – , viscosity, and polarity in ferroptosis and cancer models has not been validated.…”

A water-soluble fluorescent probe for monitoring mitochondrial GSH fluctuations during oxidative stress

“…20,22 Furthermore, the pyridine salt moiety with a positive charge could bind tightly to the inner mitochondrial membrane with a negative potential of −180 mV, which allowed the probe MITO-PQDNs to be selectively enriched in mitochondria. [23][24][25][26][27][28] However, most of the available pyridinium probes had small Stokes shis, resulting in strong self-absorption which would be detrimental to uorescence imaging applications. In comparison, MITO-PQDNs could react rapidly with GSH in PBS buffer, thus showing intense yellow uorescence (586 nm) as well as signicant Stokes shi (200 nm).…”