A missing link in affect regulation: the cerebellum

Frazier, Madeleine R; Hoffman, Linda J.; Popal, Haroon; Sullivan-Toole, Holly; Olino, Thomas M.; Olson, Ingrid R.

doi:10.1093/scan/nsac042

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Given the important role of the cerebellum in emotional and cognitive processing, and particularly in cognitive processes such as reward or feedback processing, 10 it has been hypothesized that the cerebellum acts as an intermediary between regions involved in craving and addiction, that is, regions involved in reward processing, motivation and cognitive control. 13,18 Consequently, altered connectivity with any such region or altered activation in response to cravingrelated cues could contribute to symptoms associated with IGD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…numbers of reports of co-existing motor and nonmotor cognitive impairments in patients with cerebellar lesions (e.g., 2,3 ). In recent years, many studies have corroborated the cerebellum's role in a variety of cognitive and affective functions such as working memory, [4][5][6] language and verbal fluency, 7,8 error and feedback processing, [9][10][11] performance monitoring in general, 12 emotion regulation, 13 visual attention, 14 executive control 15 and in circadian rhythmicity. 16 Interestingly, findings also suggest that the cerebellum is involved in drug craving 17 and addiction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The role of the cerebellum in internet gaming disorder—A systematic review

Mundorf,

Siebert,

Desmond

et al. 2023

Addiction Biology

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Recent studies increasingly highlight involvement of the cerebellum in drug craving and addiction. However, its exact role, that is, whether the cerebellum is a critical component of a brain network underlying addictive behaviour, or whether it rather is a facilitator or mediator, is still unclear. Findings concerning the newly recognized internet gaming disorder (IGD) suggest that changes in cerebellar connectivity and functioning are associated with behavioural/non‐substance addiction. Here, we systematically review the literature on IGD and cerebellar involvement following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 13 neuroimaging studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies utilized a broad range of diagnostic instruments and resulting cut‐off criteria, rendering it difficult to compare findings. Results on altered cerebro‐cerebellar connectivity in patients with IGD are mixed; most studies report altered or increased functional connectivity. Moreover, decreased cerebellar grey matter volume is reported. Studies have further indicated that differential activation patterns in the cerebellum may enable discrimination between healthy subjects and subjects with IGD, even allowing for prediction of treatment outcomes. Given the strong connectivity between the cerebellum and cerebral regions, the cerebellum may act as an intermediary between regions involved in craving and addiction and consequently affect symptoms of IGD. Results suggest differential involvement of the cerebellar lobes, emphasizing a need for high‐resolution parcellation of the cerebellum in future studies. However, the studies included in the present review have small sample sizes and include mostly male participants. Thus, results may have limited generalizability yet highlight a crucial role of the cerebellum in IGD that needs further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of the cerebellum in internet gaming disorder—A systematic review

Mundorf,

Siebert,

Desmond

et al. 2023

Addiction Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…, 2009 ), particularly during emotion regulation ( Cattaneo et al. , 2021 ; Frazier et al. , 2022 ), while Crus I has also been implicated in information updating and abstract reasoning ( Collette et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential engagement of the posterior cingulate cortex during cognitive restructuring of negative self- and social beliefs

Agathos

Steward

Davey

et al. 2023

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Negative self-beliefs are a core feature of psychopathology, encompassing both negative appraisals about oneself directly (i.e., self-judgment) and negative inferences of how the self is appraised by others (i.e., social-judgment). Challenging maladaptive self-beliefs via cognitive restructuring is a core treatment mechanism of gold-standard psychotherapies. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the restructuring of these two kinds of negative self-beliefs are poorly understood. Eighty-six healthy participants cognitively restructured self-judgment and social-judgment negative self-belief statements during 7-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Cognitive restructuring broadly elicited activation in core default mode network (DMN), salience and frontoparietal control regions. Restructuring self-judgment relative to social-judgment beliefs was associated with comparatively higher activation in the ventral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/retrosplenial cortex, while challenging social-judgment statements was associated with higher activation in the dorsal PCC/precuneus. While both regions showed increased functional connectivity with the supplementary and pre-supplementary motor areas during restructuring, the dorsal PCC displayed greater task-dependent connectivity with distributed regions involved in salience, attention, and social cognition. Our findings indicate distinct patterns of PCC engagement contingent upon self and social domains, highlighting a specialized role of the dorsal PCC in supporting neural interactions between the DMN and frontoparietal/salience networks during cognitive restructuring.

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“…The cerebello-VTA pathway described in this study may correspond, at least in part to the trunk of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB), which in one study, extended as far back as the ipsilateral dentate nucleus of the human cerebellum (Coenen, Panksepp, Hurwitz, Urbach, & Madler, 2012). A better understanding of the trunk of the MFB will be needed to advance our etiological understanding of the social and affective deficits emanating from cerebellar lesions (Frazier et al, 2022). It is also the critical to enhance our understanding of this tract as it is an effective site for deep-brain stimulation (DBS) interventions for depression (Coenen et al, 2019; Conner, Quevedo, Soares, & Fenoy, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anin vivoDissection, and Analysis of Socio-Affective Symptoms related to Cerebellum-Midbrain Reward Circuitry in Humans

Hoffman,

Foley,

Leong

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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Emerging research in non-human animals implicates cerebellar projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in reward driven behaviors, but the circuits have not been characterized in humans. In this study we mapped the cerebello-VTA structural connectivity in humans. We visualized and measured the structural connections by performing probabilistic tractography on diffusion weighted imaging data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). We uncovered the topographical organization of the connections by separately tracking from parcels of cerebellar lobule VI, crus I/II, vermis, paravermis, and cerebrocerebellum. The results revealed that afferents from the cerebellum to the VTA predominantly originate in the right hemisphere interposed nucleus and paravermis, and terminate mostly in ipsilateral VTA. The paravermis of the crus I cerebellar lobule sends the most connections to the VTA compared to the other lobules. Finally, we discovered a medial-to-lateral gradient of connectivity, such that medial cerebellum has the highest connectivity with the VTA, and connectivity decreases laterally. Taken together, we produced detailed maps of cerebello-VTA structural connectivity for the first time in humans. These maps provide critical foundation for future studies to investigate cerebellar involvement in social, affective, and reward-driven behaviors, as well as clinical manifestations at the extremes of those behaviors.Key PointsIn humans, all cerebellar deep nuclei send projections to the VTA, which is similar to the connectivity profile found in non-human animals. The paravermis of Crus I contributes the most connections of the neocerebellum, and the interposed nucleus contributes the most connections among the deep nuclei.There is a medial-to-lateral gradient of connectivity, such that more lateral segments of the cerebellum send fewer connections to the VTA.These findings have implications for understanding normal and dysfunctional motivated behavior.

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A missing link in affect regulation: the cerebellum

Cited by 21 publications

References 150 publications

The role of the cerebellum in internet gaming disorder—A systematic review

The role of the cerebellum in internet gaming disorder—A systematic review

Differential engagement of the posterior cingulate cortex during cognitive restructuring of negative self- and social beliefs

Anin vivoDissection, and Analysis of Socio-Affective Symptoms related to Cerebellum-Midbrain Reward Circuitry in Humans

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