A Miniaturized Single-Transducer Implantable Pressure Sensor With Time-Multiplexed Ultrasonic Data and Power Links

Weber, Martina; Yoshihara, Yoshinobu; Sawaby, Ahmed; Charthad, Jayant; Chang, Ting Chia; Arbabian, Amin

doi:10.1109/jssc.2017.2782086

Cited by 108 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…2(a), enables continuous data transmission and high data rates, but limits the miniaturization of the implant volume since it requires two ultrasound resonators preferably tuned at distant frequencies to minimize carrier leakage. A similar implant with a single power-data time-multiplexed piezo was presented in [17] to reduce the implant volume. However, actively driving the piezo increases the number of off-chip components (storage and matching network capacitors) and ultimately its overall size.…”

Section: System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

Ghanbari

Piech

Shen

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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A 0.8 mm 3 wireless, ultrasonically powered, freefloating neural recording implant is presented. The device is comprised only of a 0.25 mm 2 recording IC and a single piezoceramic resonator that is used for both power harvesting and data transmission. Uplink data transmission is performed by analog amplitude modulation of the ultrasound echo. Using a 1.78 MHz main carrier, >35 kbps/mote equivalent uplink data rate is achieved. A technique to linearize the echo amplitude modulation is introduced, resulting in <1.2% static nonlinearity of the received signal over a ±10 mV input range. The IC dissipates 37.7 µW, while the neural recording front-end consumes 4 µW and achieves a noise floor of 5.3 µVrms in a 5 kHz bandwidth. This work improves sub-mm recording mote depth by >2.5x, resulting in the highest measured depth/volume ratio by ∼3x. Orthogonal subcarrier modulation enables simultaneous operation of multiple implants, using a single-element ultrasound external transducer. Dual-mote simultaneous power up and data transmission is demonstrated at a rate of 7 kS/s at the depth of 50 mm.

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Section: System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

Ghanbari

Piech

Shen

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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“…The performance comparison of the proposed wirelessly powered C-D is presented in Table 1 . [ 7 ] and [ 12 ] have a better resolution than the current work but require higher power consumption and have lower data rates. Although [ 4 , 13 ] have lower power consumption, they do not achieve the same resolution or pressure range.…”

Section: Performance Of This Asicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although [ 4 , 13 ] have lower power consumption, they do not achieve the same resolution or pressure range. Temperature dependence cannot be compared, as it was not presented in [ 4 , 7 , 12 , 13 ]. Compared with previous academic work with the same function, this C-D has the advantage of low-temperature sensitivity, wide pressure range, and a comparable trade-off between resolution and power consumption.…”

Section: Performance Of This Asicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To interface with a capacitive pressure sensor, the combination of analog front end (AFE) (commonly capacitance to voltage converter) and analog to digital converter (ADC) topology is typically utilized. For the AFE, there are a variety of choices, such as capacitance to frequency [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], capacitance to time [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], and switched-capacitor (SC) sampling [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. For the ADC that is commonly used in this application, there are dual-slope [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], successive-approximation (SAR) [ 12 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] and delta-sigma [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ] ADCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering wireless powering and data links, the vast majority of devices utilize RF or inductive methods such as in [ 7 , 13 ]. Recently, ultrasonic links have been proposed for both power recovery and data transmission due to the advantage of lower tissue attenuation and highly directive focusing [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Capacitive Pressure Sensor Interface IC with Wireless Power and Data Transfer

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a capacitive pressure sensor interface circuit design in 180 nm XH018 CMOS technology for an implantable capacitive pressure sensor, which has a wireless power supply and wireless data transfer function. It integrates full-bridge rectifiers, shorting control switches, low-dropout regulators, bandgap references, analog front end, single slope analog to digital converter (ADC), I2C, and an RC oscillator. The low-dropout regulators regulate the wireless power supply coming from the rectifier and provide a stable and accurate 1.8 V DC voltage to other blocks. The capacitance of the pressure sensor is sampled to a discrete voltage by the analog front end. The single slope ADC converts the discrete voltage into 11 bits of digital data, which is then converted into 1 kbps serial data out by the I2C block. The “1” of serial data is modulated to a 500 kHz digital signal that is used to control the shorting switch for wireless data transfer via inductive back scatter. This capacitive pressure sensor interface IC has a resolution of 0.98 mmHg (1.4 fF), average total power consumption of 7.8 mW, and ±3.2% accuracy at the worst case under a −20 to 80 °C temperature range, which improves to ±0.86% when operated between 20 and 60 °C.

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Laser Driven Miniature Diamond Implant for Wireless Retinal Prostheses

Ahnood

Bruneau²,

Belcourt

et al. 2020

Adv. Biosys.

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developments have coincided with advances in minimally invasive surgical interventions, such as keyhole surgical procedures. The combination of these breakthroughs has supported a growing worldwide effort toward miniature electronic implants which can be surgically placed in a minimally invasive manner. Examples of these include deep brain neurostimulators, cochlear, and retinal implants. [6-8] However, one remaining challenge which has hindered efforts toward miniaturization is centered on methods of delivering power to these implants. While surgical techniques and the ASIC technologies are well evolved to address the requirements of minimally invasive implants, methods of delivering energy to the implant have broadly not followed this trend. Currently, the majority of implants dedicate a significant portion of their volume to power harvesting or storage units. [9] In this work, we report on optical power delivery to a retinal stimulator entirely housed within a diamond capsule. Moreover, the light intensity modulation is used as a means of data telemetry to the stimulator. This approach enables an implant with small dimensions to be wirelessly operated. While low power prostheses, such as pacemakers with sub-100 µW consumption, can use implanted nonrechargeable batteries to meet their energy needs, [10] higher power consumption prostheses (e.g., cochlear or visual implants) require power The design and benchtop operation of a wireless miniature epiretinal stimulator implant is reported. The implant is optically powered and controlled using safe illumination at near-infrared wavelengths. An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) hosting a digital control unit is used to control the implant's electrodes. The ASIC is powered using an advanced photovoltaic (PV) cell and programmed using a single photodiode. Diamond packaging technology is utilized to achieve high-density integration of the implant optoelectronic circuitry, as well as individual connections between a stimulator chip and 256 electrodes, within a 4.6 mm × 3.7 mm × 0.9 mm implant package. An ultrahigh efficiency PV cell with a monochromatic power conversion efficiency of 55% is used to power the implant. On-board photodetection circuity with a bandwidth of 3.7 MHz is used for forward data telemetry of stimulation parameters. In comparison to implants which utilize inductively coupled coils, laser power delivery enables a high degree of miniaturization and lower surgical complexity. The device presented combines the benefits of implant miniaturization and a flexible stimulation strategy provided by a dedicated stimulator chip. This development provides a route to fully wireless miniaturized minimally invasive implants with sophisticated functionalities.

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A Miniaturized Single-Transducer Implantable Pressure Sensor With Time-Multiplexed Ultrasonic Data and Power Links

Cited by 108 publications

References 43 publications

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

A Capacitive Pressure Sensor Interface IC with Wireless Power and Data Transfer

Laser Driven Miniature Diamond Implant for Wireless Retinal Prostheses

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A Miniaturized Single-Transducer Implantable Pressure Sensor With Time-Multiplexed Ultrasonic Data and Power Links

Cited by 108 publications

References 43 publications

A Sub-mm3 Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

A Sub-mm3 Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

A Capacitive Pressure Sensor Interface IC with Wireless Power and Data Transfer

Laser Driven Miniature Diamond Implant for Wireless Retinal Prostheses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording

A Sub-mm³ Ultrasonic Free-Floating Implant for Multi-Mote Neural Recording