A miniaturized single‐layered branched multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/INSAT applications

Abstract

In this paper, a miniaturized (12 × 20 × 1.6 mm3) dual antenna suitable for compact devices with multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) applications have been designed, analyzed, and fabricated. The proposed design is printed on the single side of the FR4 substrate with a common ground and branched radiating structure. The branched structure is responsible in attaining 93.5% miniaturization as compared to the conventional size at 2.4 GHz (ie, lower resonance). Triple‐band characteristics have been extracted from port 1 (2.4, 3.5, and 4.5 GHz) and dual‐band characteristics from port 2 (2.4 and 3.5 GHz). The isolation between the radiating strips is better than 10 dB and the envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.5. The proposed design has good isolation characteristics with acceptable peak gain of −1.75/1.3/2 dBi at 2.4/3.5/4.5 GHz, respectively. Good impedance matching and stable radiation patterns make the proposed antenna suitable for WLAN, WiMAX, and Indian National Satellite System applications.

A Printed Monopole Antenna for Next Generation Internet of Things: Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT)

“…Multiband microstrip antennas are designed for Global Systems for Mobile (GSM) Communications and Long-Term Evolution (LTE) applications by incorporating complementary split-ring resonators [24] and meander lines for 5.80 GHz WLAN applications [25]. Another compact multiband antenna, fabricated on an FR4 substrate, extracts three resonances for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications [26]. Additionally, researchers propose rectenna antennas for energy harvesting [27] and employ metamaterials to minimize antenna dimensions [28,29].…”

A compact two element MIMO antenna with improved isolation for wireless applications

“…The challenge in developing a wide band antenna is its compact size, larger bandwidth and stable radiation characteristics. To overcome the issues such as interference and multipath fading in wideband systems, multi-inputmulti-output (MIMO) technology had become attractive to the researchers in the field of wireless applications [5,6]. One of the major benefits of MIMO system is allowing multipath access in using different services simultaneously, and also improving the channel capacity [7,8].…”