A mini review on recent progress of steam reforming of ethanol

Feng, Xiaoqian; Zhao, Yilin; Zhao, Yonghua; Wang, Huan; Liu, Huimin; Zhang, Qijian

doi:10.1039/d3ra02769d

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 110 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The observed catalyst deactivation after 5 h highlights the importance of further investigation and mitigation of issues related to carbon formation and sintering for ensuring long-term catalyst stability and efficiency. However, it is important not to overlook the sintering effects caused by the presence of various cations, which are eliminated through acid or base washing [ 40 ]. Considering the instability observed in the Ni/VE sample, this study proceeds with the samples obtained from acid or base pre-treated vermiculite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid or Base Treatment of the Support

Mahir,

Benzaouak,

Mesrar

et al. 2024

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, vermiculite was explored as a support material for nickel catalysts in two key processes in syngas production: dry reforming of methane with CO2 and steam reforming of ethanol. The vermiculite underwent acid or base treatment, followed by the preparation of Ni catalysts through incipient wetness impregnation. Characterization was conducted using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM–EDS, FTIR, and temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). TG-TD analyses were performed to assess the formation of carbon deposits on spent catalysts. The Ni-based catalysts were used in reaction tests without a reduction pre-treatment. Initially, raw vermiculite-supported nickel showed limited catalytic activity in the dry reforming of methane. After acid (Ni/VTA) or base (Ni/VTB) treatment, vermiculite proved to be an effective support for nickel catalysts that displayed outstanding performance, achieving high methane conversion and hydrogen yield. The acidic treatment improved the reduction of nickel species and reduced carbon deposition, outperforming the Ni over alkali treated support. The prepared catalysts were also evaluated in ethanol steam reforming under various conditions including temperature, water/ethanol ratio, and space velocity, with acid-treated catalysts confirming the best performance.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid or Base Treatment of the Support

Mahir,

Benzaouak,

Mesrar

et al. 2024

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the observed catalyst deactivation after 5 hours underscores the importance of further investigating and mitigating issues related to carbon formation and sintering for long-term catalyst stability and efficiency. However, one should not overlook the sintering effects initiated by the presence of various cations that are eliminated through acid-base washing [36].…”

Section: Ethanol Steam Reformingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid-Base Treatment of the Support

Mahir,

Benzaouak,

Mesrar

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, vermiculite was explored as a support material for nickel catalysts in two key processes in syngas production through dry reforming of methane with CO2 and steam reforming of ethanol. The vermiculite was subjected to acid or base treatment, then, Ni catalysts were prepared through incipient wetness impregnation and characterized using various techniques, including X-ray, FTIR, temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). TG-TD analyses were performed to assess the formation of carbon deposits on spent catalysts. The Ni based catalysts were used in the reaction tests without a reduction pre-treatment. Initially, raw vermiculite-supported nickel showed limited catalytic activity, however after acid (Ni/VTA) or base (Ni/VTB) treatment, vermiculite became an effective support for nickel in dry methane reforming. The resulting catalysts (Ni/VTB and Ni/VTA) displayed outstanding performance, with high methane conversion and hydrogen yield. Acidic treatment improved the reduction of nickel species and reduced carbon deposition, outperforming alkali treatment. The prepared catalysts were also explored in ethanol steam reforming. The performance was investigated as a function of the temperature, water/ethanol ratio, and space velocity, with acid-treated catalysts performing as the best. The study emphasized the importance of contact time with the catalyst and addressed challenges related to carbon formation and sintering for long-term stability. In conclusion, acidic treatment of the vermiculite support, before Ni deposition, significantly enhanced the catalytic activity and stability of nickel catalysts in both dry methane reforming and ethanol steam reforming processes.

show abstract

“…The catalyst and reaction conditions are the main factors that tip the balance toward certain products by favoring selectively the extent of reactions in Table . The most common catalysts for the ESR are based on Ni or Co supported on various oxides and less commonly based on noble metals, such as Pt or Rh. − ,, Those based on Ni are preferred due to their high activity in the steps of the reforming reaction mechanism, including C–C and C–H bond cleavage, H 2 O adsorption and dissociation, and their comparatively low cost. , The problem of rapid deactivation of the Ni catalysts by sintering and coke deposition has been a topic of interest to study different preparation strategies and formulations. ,, The dehydrogenation reactions are favored on noble metals, which leave dehydrogenated surface species that are effectively oxidized to CO or CO 2 , suppressing the formation of CH 4 and carbon . Regarding the important role of the catalyst support, the properties that determine the reaction routes are its acidity/basicity/neutrality, hydrophilicity, and oxygen mobility capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactions involved in the ESR are summarized in Table , including reactions well established in the literature − for the formation of the desired products (H 2 or syngas), byproducts (CO, CO 2 , and CH 4 ), and also the formation of solid carbon materials. The latter may have a key role in catalyst deactivation depending on its origin and nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 21 , 22 The problem of rapid deactivation of the Ni catalysts by sintering and coke deposition has been a topic of interest to study different preparation strategies and formulations. 15 , 23 , 24 The dehydrogenation reactions are favored on noble metals, which leave dehydrogenated surface species that are effectively oxidized to CO or CO 2 , suppressing the formation of CH 4 and carbon. 25 Regarding the important role of the catalyst support, the properties that determine the reaction routes are its acidity/basicity/neutrality, hydrophilicity, and oxygen mobility capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Global Vision of the Reaction and Deactivation Routes in the Ethanol Steam Reforming on a Catalyst Derived from a Ni–Al Spinel

Iglesias-Vázquez,

Valecillos,

Remiro

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethanol steam reforming (ESR) over a Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst prepared by reduction of a NiAl 2 O 4 spinel is a promising alternative route to produce H 2 from biomass. This work deepens into the effect of reaction conditions (450−650 °C, a steam/ ethanol (S/E) ratio of 3−9, and a weight space time up to 1.3 h) and evaluates the time on stream evolution of the yields of H 2 , gaseous byproducts (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 4 O), and formed carbon/coke. The results are explained taking into consideration the thermodynamics, the extent of each individual reaction, and the catalyst deactivation. Up to 600 °C, the predominant intermediate in the H 2 formation is C 2 H 4 (formed by ethanol dehydration) with the preferential formation of nanostructured carbon (nanotubes/ filaments) by C 2 H 4 decomposition. The deposition of this type of carbon partially deactivates the catalyst, mainly affecting the extent of the C 2 H 4 decomposition causing a sharp decrease in the H 2 and carbon yields. Nevertheless, the catalyst reaches a pseudosteady state with an apparent constant activity for other reactions in the kinetic scheme. At 650 °C, C 2 H 4 O (formed by the ethanol dehydrogenation) is the main intermediate in the H 2 formation, which is the precursor of an amorphous/turbostratic carbon (coke) formation that initially causes a rapid deactivation of the catalyst, affecting the ethanol dehydration and, to a lower extent, the reforming and water gas shift reactions. The increase in the S/E ratio favors the H 2 formation, attenuates the catalyst deactivation due to the suppression of the ethanol dehydration to C 2 H 4 , and promotes the reforming, water gas shift, and carbon/coke gasification reactions. A H 2 yield of 85% stable for 48 h on stream is achieved at 600 °C, with a space time of 0.1 h and an S/E ratio of 9.

show abstract

A mini review on recent progress of steam reforming of ethanol

Abstract: This mini-review summarizes the recent progress of SRE catalysts from the view of the impacts of active metals and supports and draws an outlook for future research directions.

Cited by 8 publications

References 110 publications

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid or Base Treatment of the Support

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid or Base Treatment of the Support

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol and Dry Reforming of Methane with CO2 on Ni/Vermiculite: Stability Improvement via Acid-Base Treatment of the Support

Global Vision of the Reaction and Deactivation Routes in the Ethanol Steam Reforming on a Catalyst Derived from a Ni–Al Spinel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About