A mini review of the impacts of deficit irrigation strategies for walnut (Juglans regia L.) production in semiarid conditions

Calvo, Franco Emmanuel; Silvente, Sonia; Trentacoste, Eduardo R.

doi:10.1007/s00271-022-00815-w

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The results indicate that fertilizer status could be used to predict almond water demands. Calvo et al (2022) conducted a mini-review of irrigation, growth, and crop quality in walnuts. Their synopsis reported that most walnut groves have yearly ET between ~ 1000 and 1200 mm.…”

Section: Papers In This Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Using water for best product quality in fruit and nut trees and vines

2023

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Perennial vine and tree crops are increasing in production due to market demand for fruit and nut products. These crops are often grown in (semi) arid regions where irrigation is needed to increase production. However, the presence of these crops hardens water demand in increasingly water-scarce regions, thus reducing flexibility to respond to drought. In addition, poor irrigation management can reduce crop quality, thus potentially increasing wastage and reducing farmer profitability. Therefore, careful management of these crops to optimize irrigation water use, yield, and crop quality is needed. In this special issue of Irrigation Science, ten studies are presented on different approaches to irrigation management with a wide array of crops and strategies to improve water productivity and maximize crop quality.

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Section: Papers In This Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Using water for best product quality in fruit and nut trees and vines

2023

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“…A deficit irrigation strategy involves applying an irrigation dose lower than what the crop requires, either throughout the entire crop cycle (sustained deficit irrigation) or during a less sensitive phenological stage (regulated deficit irrigation), with no yield penalty. Despite deficit irrigation strategies having been 2 of 14 extensively evaluated in a wide variety of fruit crops [6], they have been scarcely evaluated in walnuts [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Biochemical and Kernel Metabolite Profiles as Potential Biomarkers of Water Deficit in Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cv. Chandler

Calvo,

Silvente,

Trentacoste

2023

Sustainability

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Walnut cultivation is expanding into regions where water availability for irrigation is lower than crop evapotranspiration. However, information regarding the responses and adaptations of walnut trees to water deficit remains scarce. In this study, we applied three irrigation levels, 100%, 75%, and 50% of crop evapotranspiration (referred to as T100, T75, and T50, respectively), to Chandler walnut trees over two consecutive seasons. During the second season, we evaluated leaf water-deficit biomarkers, including proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids, using targeted spectrophotometry. Despite not finding significant differences in biomarker concentrations among the irrigation regimes, we observed variations between different collection times (sprouting, endocarp hardening, and maturity). Furthermore, we assessed the kernel metabolome using untargeted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, profiling seventy-one metabolites across all samples. Notably, forty-one of these metabolites were identified as members of distinct groups, comprising carbohydrates (n = 11), fatty acids (n = 11), organic acids (n = 9), and amino acids (n = 5). Linear mixed models showed no significant differences between the irrigation regimes. However, in the T50 treatment, multivariate analysis (PCA) revealed a higher concentration of osmotic adjustment metabolites, which are potentially associated with protecting oil biosynthesis under high-temperature and water deficit conditions.

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