A Mineral Lick of the Barren-Ground Caribou

Calef, George W.; Lortie, Grant M.

doi:10.2307/1379626

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…4.19) than in the control samples (7.7 ? Calef and Lortie (1975) also reported higher concentrations of Mg in lick than in control samples; Ca concentrations were approximately equal. Similarly, Mg concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the lick In contrast, Stockstad et al (1953), Hebert andCowan (1971), Calef and Lortie (1975), Seip and Bunnell (1985), and Watts and Schemnitz (1985) concluded that Na was the primary element sought by ungulates at mineral licks on western ranges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Lick Use by Mountain Sheep in the San Gabriel Mountains, California

Holl¹,

Bleich²

1987

The Journal of Wildlife Management

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Lick Use by Mountain Sheep in the San Gabriel Mountains, California

Holl¹,

Bleich²

1987

The Journal of Wildlife Management

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“…Geophagy is relevant to the present discussion because a variety of species are known to chew the soil when ingesting it (Calef & Lortie, 1975; Clayton & MacDonald, 1999; Kennedy et al , 1995; Langman, 1978; Rea, 2007; Weeks, 1978). Such species will suffer tooth wear as a result, but the amount is difficult to estimate or predict, and may differ among populations of the same species.…”

Section: Causes Of Tooth Wear In Extant Ungulatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the relationship between hypsodonty and feeding ecology in ungulate mammals, and its utility in palaeoecology

2011

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High-crowned (hypsodont) teeth are widely found among both extant and extinct mammalian herbivores. Extant grazing ungulates (hoofed mammals) have hypsodont teeth (a derived condition), and so extinct hypsodont forms have usually been presumed to have been grazers. Thus, hypsodonty among ungulates has, over the past 150 years, formed the basis of widespread palaeoecological interpretations, and has figured prominently in the evolutionary study of the spread of grasslands in the mid Cenozoic. However, perceived inconsistencies between levels of hypsodonty and dental wear patterns in both extant and extinct ungulates have caused some workers to reject hypsodonty as a useful predictive tool in palaeobiology, a view that we consider both misguided and premature. Despite the acknowledged association between grazing and hypsodonty, the quantitative relationship of hypsodonty to the known ecology of living ungulate species, critical in making interpretations of the fossil record, was little studied until the past two decades. Also, much of the literature on ungulate ecology relevant to understanding hypsodonty has yet to be fully incorporated into the perspectives of palaeontologists. Here we review the history and current state of our knowledge of the relationship between hypsodonty and ungulate ecology, and reassert the value of hypsodonty for our understanding of ungulate feeding behaviour. We also show how soil consumption, rather than the consumption of grass plants per se, may be the missing piece of the puzzle in understanding the observed correlation between diets, habitats, and hypsodonty in ungulates. Additionally, we show how hypsodonty may impact life-history strategies, and resolve some controversies regarding the relevance of hypsodonty to the prediction of the diets of extinct species. This in turn strengthens the utility of hypsodonty in the determination of past environmental conditions, and we provide a revised view of a traditional example of evolutionary trends in palaeobiology, that of the evolution of hypsodonty in horses and its correlation with the Miocene spread of grasslands in North America.

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“…Several natural history observations document that reindeer and caribou seek out winter-green herbage and mineral licks (Skjenneberg and Slagsvold 1968;Calef and Lortie 1975;Klein 1982). These observations clearly indicate behavioural compensations to possible mineral and protein deficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mineral supplements on nutrient concentrations and pool sizes in the alimentary tract of reindeer fed lichens or concentrates during the winter

Staaland¹,

Jacobsen²,

White³

1984

Can. J. Zool.

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Domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.), fed a mixed lichen or concentrate diet with or without a mineral supplement, were killed, and 21 segments of the digestive tract were analyzed for weight of digesta and concentrations of water, organic matter (OM), N, Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Cl, and S. Trends in alimentary nutrient concentrations were of two patterns: (A) Ca, P, Mg, S, OM, and N increased in concentration per unit wet weight in ruminal to omasal contents and, followed by a decline from abomasal to jejunal contents, there was a steady increase to the rectal contents; (B) water, Na, Cl, and, with some modification, K decreased in concentration from the small intestinal to the rectal contents. The concentrate diet was associated with significantly increased body weight, plasma P levels, and N, P, and Mg levels in most sections of the alimentary tract. Mineral supplementation suppressed concentrations of N in the entire alimentary tract of lichen-fed reindeer but was associated with increased concentrations of P, Ca, and Mg in the entire tract of both the concentrate and lichen diets.

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A Mineral Lick of the Barren-Ground Caribou

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Mineral Lick Use by Mountain Sheep in the San Gabriel Mountains, California

Mineral Lick Use by Mountain Sheep in the San Gabriel Mountains, California

On the relationship between hypsodonty and feeding ecology in ungulate mammals, and its utility in palaeoecology

The effect of mineral supplements on nutrient concentrations and pool sizes in the alimentary tract of reindeer fed lichens or concentrates during the winter

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