A Mid-Brunhes Climatic Event: Long-Term Changes in Global Atmosphere and Ocean Circulation

Jansen, J H Fred; Kuijpers, Antoon; Troelstra, S.R.

doi:10.1126/science.232.4750.619

Cited by 282 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Again, this explanation cannot be excluded, but it may be difficult to push back the onset of the fast oscillating glacial cycle into the Cenozoic. Instead, we suggest that Middle and Upper Pleistocene strandlines are well identified from one another thanks to the fast oscillating sea level that follows the mid-Brunhes event (Jansen et al, 1986) with a periodicity of 100,000 years, as indicated by the isotopic record (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005). Earlier than this event, sea-level oscillations were seemingly of smaller amplitudes and faster wavelengths (40,000 yrs cycle).…”

Section: Apparent Uplift Rates and Geodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Pedoja

Husson

Johnson

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

167

195

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Many coasts feature sequences of Quaternary and Neogene shorelines that are shaped by a combination of sealevel oscillations and tectonics. We compiled a global synthesis of sea-level changes for the following highstands: MIS 1, MIS 3, MIS 5e and MIS 11. Also, we date the apparent onset of sequences of paleoshorelines either from published data or tentatively extrapolating an age for the uppermost, purported oldest shoreline in each sequence. Including the most documented MIS 5e benchmark, we identify 926 sequences out of which 185 also feature Holocene shorelines. Six areas are identified where elevations of the MIS 3 shorelines are known, and 31 feature elevation data for MIS 11 shorelines. Genetic relationships to regional geodynamics are further explored based on the elevations of the MIS 5e benchmark. Mean apparent uplift rates range from 0.01 ± 0.01 mm/yr (hotspots) to 1.47 ± 0.08 mm/yr (continental collision). Passive margins appear as ubiquitously uplifting, while tectonic segmentation is more important on active margins. From the literature and our extrapolations, we infer ages for the onset of formation for~180 coastal sequences. Sea level fingerprinting on coastal sequences started at least during mid Miocene and locally as early as Eocene. Whether due to the changes in the bulk volume of seawater or to the temporal variations in the shape of ocean basins, estimates of eustasy fail to explain the magnitude of the apparent sea level drop. Thus, vertical ground motion is invoked, and we interpret the longlasting development of those paleoshore sequences as the imprint of glacial cycles on globally uplifted margins in response to continental compression. The geomorphological expression of the sequences matches the amplitude and frequency of glacial cyclicity. From middle Pleistocene to present-day, moderately fast (100,000 yrs) oscillating sea levels favor the development of well identified strandlines that are distinct from one another. Pliocene and Lower Pleistocene strandlines associated with faster cyclicity (40,000 yrs) are more compact and easily merge into rasas, whereas older Cenozoic low-frequency eustatic changes generally led to widespread flat-lying coastal plains.

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Section: Apparent Uplift Rates and Geodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Pedoja

Husson

Johnson

et al. 2014

Earth-Science Reviews

167

195

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“…Farrell and Prell (1991) suggested that a 600-kyr Brunhes Dissolution Cycle (BDC) be superimposed on glacial/ interglacial 100-kyr cycles during the Late Pleistocene in the central equatorial Pacific. The BDC is clearly apparent as a lower-frequency envelope on the 100-kyr cycles (Barker et al 2006;López-Otálvaro et al 2008), being observed in a wide variety of marine and continental records (e.g., Jansen et al 1986). On a longer timescale, pelagic CaCO 3 production was proposed to reveal a primary candidate driver for the BDC representing apparent mid-Brunhes dissolution (MBD) or the mid-Brunhes event (MBE), but its cause remains unknown (Pisias and Rea 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MBE, characterized by a more zonal circulation in the Northern Hemisphere, was terminated by a global southward migration of polar and subtropical fronts (Jansen et al 1986). As such, more glacial conditions became prevalent in the Northern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital Variations of Biogenic CaCO3 and Opal Abundance in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean During the Late Quaternary

Khim¹,

Kim²,

Cho³

et al. 2012

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Biogenic CaCO 3 and opal abundances were measured in two piston cores (PC313 and PC5101) collected, respectively, along the equator in the western and central Pacific Ocean. The age model for core PC313, which extends to about 750 ka, was developed by comparing the oxygen isotope stratigraphy of planktonic foraminifera (N. dutetrei) to the SPECMAP stack. The age model for core PC5101, which extends to about 600 ka, was developed by stratigraphic correlation of CaCO 3 contents to those in the well-dated core RC11-210 (Chuey et al. 1987). Both cores distinctly exhibited a series of CaCO 3 and opal variations, which are mainly controlled by the orbital eccentricity cycle of about 100-kyr. The orbital-scale cyclic variations of CaCO 3 and opal contents appear to be contrasting in both cores such that high CaCO 3 and low opal contents occurred during the glacial periods. In contrast, during the interglacial periods, low CaCO 3 and high opal contents occurred. Mostly remarkable is the distinct occurrence of a mid-Bruhnes event (MBE) at around 350 ka. The CaCO 3 content was higher in core PC5101 than in core PC313 before the MBE, whereas biogenic opal abundance became higher in core PC5101 after the MBE. Such a characteristic discrepancy of biogenic (CaCO 3 and opal) production, i.e., a succession of primary producers from coccolithophore to diatom, between cores PC313 and PC5101 may be attributed to the prevailing dominant hydrographic conditions (i.e., the South Equatorial Current), in the path of which both cores are located. The intensity of westward propagation might have been an important factor in contrasting biogenic production centering around the MBE.

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“…(See the section dealing with the stratigraphy.) This core has rather constant MARS of ca 0.60 g cm-* ka-' for the interval 3-7 m below the core top and 0.21 g cm-* ka-' for the upper 3 m [15,47]. In the lower interval, short-term increases of terrigenous input are indicated by the presence of quartz and mica grains and of a few turbiditic laminae.…”

Section: Dating With 'Obementioning

confidence: 99%

Terrigenous supply of 10Be and dating with 14C and 10Be in sediments of the Angola basin (SE Antlantic)

Jansen

Alderliesten

Bennekom

et al. 1987

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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"Be concentrations were measured in 20 (hemi)pelagic core top samples with an age control partly based on AMS 14C datings. The "Be concentrations do not show any dependence on the bulk mass accumulation rates (MAR), but there is a significant linear correlation between "Be accumulation rates and MAR. This correlation is best explained by terrigenous "Be supply modified by biologic scavenging and, of secondary importance, adsorption on particulate matter in the Ocean surface water in the Zaire plume. The variable term of the linear regression function indicates a maximum "Be concentration for the terrigenous component of 5 x lo9 at.g-', the constant suggests an oceanic "Be precipitation of (lOO-530)X106 at.cm-* ka-'. A 500 ka long record of "Be concentrations is in agreement with the predicted values, but short-term variations in MAR obscure the expression of a long-term break in MAR about 350 ka ago.

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A Mid-Brunhes Climatic Event: Long-Term Changes in Global Atmosphere and Ocean Circulation

Cited by 282 publications

References 38 publications

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Coastal staircase sequences reflecting sea-level oscillations and tectonic uplift during the Quaternary and Neogene

Orbital Variations of Biogenic CaCO3 and Opal Abundance in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean During the Late Quaternary

Terrigenous supply of 10Be and dating with 14C and 10Be in sediments of the Angola basin (SE Antlantic)

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