A Microscale Method To Demonstrate the Belousov–Zhabotinskii Reaction

Baird, Carolyn D.; Reynolds, Helen B.; Crawford, Mary Ann

doi:10.1021/ed100954y

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…OCP oscillations for the BZ reaction were characterized by Fourier Fast Transform (FFT) with the software GNU Octave 3.2.4 (Copyright© 1998-2012 John W. Eaton) [34]. Following the methodology proposed by Baird and co-workers [35], a spectrophotometer Varian 50 Scan with a UV Vis probe was used to monitor the chemical oscillations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction with micrometer-sized electrodes: the effect of C, Pt, and Au

Gracia-Nava¹

2019

International Journal of Electrochemical Science

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The Belousov-Zhabotinskii (BZ) oscillating reaction mixture (malonic acid, bromate, and cerium ions in a strongly acidic medium) was studied. The oxidation state of the Ce +4 /Ce +3 catalyst fluctuates and drives the open-circuit potential (OCP) of the solution. Oscillatory profiles were analyzed using Au, Pt and C micro-and macro-electrodes to study the stages of induction, oscillating, and equilibrium. The oscillating behavior of the BZ system is transient, reaching a non-oscillating reductive steady-state. The time for achieving the oscillating state depends on the substrate (electrode material and size) while the number of oscillations is independent of substrate. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis yields the fundamental frequency of the oscillating profile and evaluates the exponential falloff as the system approaches equilibrium. Also, Ce +4 concentration was tracked in the UV Vis. Chemical oscillations of the catalyst Ce +4 ion were reproduced using a numerical model, and its dynamical profile was analogous to the experimental data.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction with micrometer-sized electrodes: the effect of C, Pt, and Au

Gracia-Nava¹

2019

International Journal of Electrochemical Science

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“…As the reaction involves colored substances, it is possible to use a spectrophotometer to track the oscillations. The requirement of constant stirring complicates the experimental setup, although recently, relatively simple spectrophotometers are available that allow stirring inside the sample holder . Traditionally, the reaction has been studied potentiometrically using a bromide-selective electrode as the concentration of this anion undergoes periodic variations identical to Ce 4+ (bromide, another oscillating species, is an intermediate).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Belousov–Zhabotinskii Reaction: Improving the Oregonator Model with the Arrhenius Equation

2012

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Oscillating chemical reactions (OCRs) have been known since 1828, with the Belousov–Zhabotinskii (BZ) reaction the most studied example. Initially, OCRs were considered to be special cases due to the small number detected and because the oscillatory behavior did not seem to agree with the second law of thermodynamics. However, OCRs have become increasingly important not only in chemistry, but also in biology as they are the foundation of several significant phenomena: glycolysis, nerve signal transmission, heartbeats, and so forth. The BZ reaction has been examined both experimentally and theoretically. Temporal oscillations appear in both cases, but discrepancies are found between experimental results and theoretical calculations. This article addresses the discrepancies by describing (i) a simple, clear, and inexpensive experimental procedure for carrying out the reaction and determining the oscillation period and (ii) an innovative methodology that includes the effect of temperature on the original model using the Arrhenius equation. The equations resulting from this approach can easily be solved with the help of MATLAB. In addition, a user-friendly graphical interface has been developed that highlights the effects on the oscillating system caused by changes in different parameters. The effect of the temperature generated during the reaction is also analyzed. This analysis discloses temperature variations: a relevant issue that the theoretical model does not envisage. The exercise is appropriate for upper-level physical chemistry students.

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“…This feedback allows for concentrations in the mechanism to increase or decrease with time as the reaction proceeds. A common analogy is the predator–prey model in which the population of the predator increases because of rising prey population only to dwindle once the prey becomes scarce as a result of overgrazing. , The enthusiasm of instructors for oscillating reactions in general and the curiosity in chemistry these reactions create in undergraduates is demonstrated by the publication of a relatively large number of demonstrations over the past years in this Journal . − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Metal Digestion as a Demonstration of an Oscillating Voltage Reaction: An Application Beyond the Textbook

2019

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The oscillating open-circuit voltage generated by the digestion of aluminum rods, catalyzed by copper(II) chloride in 3 M nitric acid at 90 °C, is presented as a demonstration appropriate for a general chemistry or advanced laboratory. This demonstration encourages discussion of the possible kinetic mechanism as well as the general electrochemical halfreactions involved and the limited conditions under which oscillations occur. The objective is to provide general chemistry students with an interesting reaction beyond typical kinetics or electrochemistry. Apart from 1100-alloy aluminum rods and a recording voltmeter, the demonstration uses standard lab equipment, and the materials for the solutions are those typically found in a general lab setting.

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A Microscale Method To Demonstrate the Belousov–Zhabotinskii Reaction

Abstract: A simple method to demonstrate the Belousov–Zhabotinskii reaction using a small volume of solution and a UV–vis spectrophotometer.

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Probing the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction with micrometer-sized electrodes: the effect of C, Pt, and Au

Probing the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction with micrometer-sized electrodes: the effect of C, Pt, and Au

The Belousov–Zhabotinskii Reaction: Improving the Oregonator Model with the Arrhenius Equation

Aluminum Metal Digestion as a Demonstration of an Oscillating Voltage Reaction: An Application Beyond the Textbook

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