A microplaque reduction assay for human and mouse interferon

Campbell, James B.; Grunberger, Tom; M, Kochman; White, Sandra L.

doi:10.1139/m75-186

Cited by 152 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The construction of bacterial plasmids containing the various human leukocyte interferon genes and preparation of interferon extracts from bacterial cells have been described previously (Goeddel et al, 1980. The supernatants generated by this extraction procedure were collected and used in plaque reduction assays (Yelverton et al, 1981) or cytopathic effect inhibition assays (Campbell et al, 1975) using the National Institutes of Health leukocyte interferon standard G-023-901-527. These preparations of interferons derived from bacteria had specific activities in a range from 3.2 x 104 to 1.6 x 105 U/mg protein and extracts of bacterial cells containing plasmids lacking interferon gene sequences had no antiviral activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Antiviral Activities of Various Cloned Human Interferon- Subtypes in Mammalian Cell Cultures

Weck¹,

Apperson²,

May³

et al. 1981

Journal of General Virology

155

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Antiviral Activities of Various Cloned Human Interferon- Subtypes in Mammalian Cell Cultures

Weck¹,

Apperson²,

May³

et al. 1981

Journal of General Virology

155

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“…hIFN-a was induced by Newcastle disease virus infection ofhuman peripheral lymphocytes (5) as described (6). hIFN-a was assayed for antiviral activity by microplaque reduction with vesicular stomatitis virus as a challenge (7). One unit of interferon in our assay equals 1 unit of the National Institutes of Health reference interferons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human lymphocyte production of corticotropin and endorphin-like substances: association with leukocyte interferon.

Smith¹,

Blalock²

1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

316

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Human leukocyte interferon (hIFN-a) preparations contain immunologically and biologically recognizable endorphin and corticotropin-like (ACTH-like) activities. The ACTH bioactivity was demonstrable only after pepsin or acid treatment.Highly purified hIFN-a was composed of two molecular species of interferon (18,500 and 23,000 daltons). Endorphin activity was associated with both of these molecules. Pepsin treatment of the 23,000-dalton but not the 18,500-dalton hIFN-a generated ACTH activity. In acid, the 23,000-dalton hIFN-a broke down into the 18,500-dalton form and ACTH (4500 daltons). The ACTH derived from hIFN-a by pepsin digestion comigrated with a purified ACTH standard in NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. hIFN-a-producing lymphocytes showed positive immunofluorescence after staining with highly specific antisera to ACTHa-(1-13) and y-endorphin. Essentially 100% of the human peripheral lymphocytes were capable of producing both ACTH and y-endorphin-related substances, presumably associated with hIFN-a. These results strongly suggest a circuit between the immune and neuroendocrine systems which involves neuroendocrine hormone-like substances, some of which are associated with hIFN-a.Interferons are a group of proteins that have antiviral activity and are thought to function primarily as a host defense. Recent findings indicate that they may serve a more general regulatory role. We and others have shown that interferon has species-specific polypeptide hormone-like activities (1-3). Conversely, hormones were shown to have cell-specific interferon-like antiviral activity (1, 2). After initial cell membrane interactions, interferon and polypeptide or polypeptide-like hormones apparently share common transmissible pathways ofcell activation (1). These similarities in action led us to propose that there might be structural similarities or identities between particular interferon types and certain polypeptide hormones. Initial immunologic studies supported this hypothesis by showing antigenic relatedness among human leukocyte (hIFN-a) [but not fibroblast interferon (hIFN-1)], corticotropin (ACTH), and endorphins (4). Structural similarity was indicated by pepsin cleavage of ACTH activity from hIFN-a preparations (4). The present report describes experiments to determine ifthe ACTH and endorphin-like activities are integral parts of hIFN-a and to study the human lymphocytes responsible for their production. MATERIALS AND METHODSReagents. Highly purified ACTH (69 units/mg) was purchased from Sigma. Rabbit anti-ACTHa-(1-13 amide) (code 1660) and -y-endorphin (code I670) antisera were obtained from Bio-Ria (Brussels, Belgium). The anti-ACTHa-(1-13 amide) [hereafter referred to as anti-ACTHa-(1-13)] and anti--y-en-

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“…The production of IL-2 was measured by assaying the proliferative effects of culture supernatant fluids on a murine T-cell line (38). Blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with PHA-P for 24 Interferon activity of supernatant fluids obtained from PHA-Pstimulated blood lymphocytes was measured by using a viral plaque inhibition assay with human WISH cells (39). A standard amount of recombinant interferon a A/D (Hoffman LaRoche, Nutley, NJ) was used as a positive control.…”

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel X-linked combined immunodeficiency disease.

Brooks¹,

Schmalstieg²,

Wirt³

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Invest.

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A novel X-linked combined immunodeficiency disease was found in five living males in an extended family in the United States. The age of the affected males ranged from 2.5 to 34 yr. The most prominent clinical abnormalities were a paucity of lymphoid tissue; recurrent sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia; severe varicella; and chronic papillomavirus infections. The principal immunologic features of the disorder were normal concentrations of serum immunoglobulins but restricted formation of IgG antibodies to immunogens; normal numbers of B cells and NK cells but decreased numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, particularly the CD45RA+ subpopulations; diminished proliferative responses of blood T cells to allogeneic cells, mitogens and antigens; and decreased production of IL-2 by mitogen stimulated blood lymphocytes. Thus, affected males in this family carry an abnormal gene on their X chromosome that results in a combined immunodeficiency that is distinct from previously reported disorders. (J.

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A microplaque reduction assay for human and mouse interferon

Cited by 152 publications

References 14 publications

Comparison of the Antiviral Activities of Various Cloned Human Interferon- Subtypes in Mammalian Cell Cultures

Comparison of the Antiviral Activities of Various Cloned Human Interferon- Subtypes in Mammalian Cell Cultures

Human lymphocyte production of corticotropin and endorphin-like substances: association with leukocyte interferon.

A novel X-linked combined immunodeficiency disease.

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