Abstract. There is significant interest in the use of Z in conjunction with object-orientation. Here we present a new approach to structuring Z specifications in an object-oriented (OO) style. Our structuring is based on views, it uses the schema calculus, and it does not extend Z. The resulting OO Z specifications are comprehensible, modular, and conceptually clear. The modularity of the new approach supports a templateinstantiation approach to expressing OO models in Z; practical formal verification and validation of the model can be undertaken using metaproof, meta-lemmas, and formal snapshots.