A micro-turbine-generator-construction-kit (MTG-c-kit) for small-scale waste heat recovery ORC-Plants

Weiß, Andreas; Popp, Tobias; Zinn, G.; Preißinger, Markus; Brüggemann, Dieter

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.135

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The values are taken to reflect similar actual systems of absorption chillers [70]. The expander efficiency is taken as a state of the art from micro turboexpander experimental investigations [94,95]. The controlled variables are the temperatures of the heat source fluid T hs (mass flow fixed for all cases) and of ambient air T amb , which provide cooling water from the dry cooler after rejecting heat.…”

Section: Calculation Methods and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption Power and Cooling Combined Cycle with an Aqueous Salt Solution as a Working Fluid and a Technically Feasible Configuration

et al. 2021

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Combined systems for power production and thermally activated cooling have a high potential for improving the efficiency and utilisation of thermal systems. In this regard, various configurations have been proposed and are comprehensively reviewed. They are primarily based on absorption systems and the implementation of multiple levels of complexity and flexibility. The configuration of the absorption power and cooling combined cycle proposed herein has wide commercial applicability owing to its simplicity. The configuration of the components is not new. However, the utilisation of aqueous salt solutions, the comparison with ammonia chiller and with absorption power cycles, the focus on parameters that are important for real-life applications, and the comparison of the performances for constant heat input and waste heat recovery are novel. The proposed cycle is also compared with a system based on the organic Rankine cycle and vapour compression cycle. An investigation of its performance proves that the system is suitable for a given range of boundary conditions from a thermodynamic standpoint, as well as in terms of system complexity and technical feasibility. New possibilities with regard to added power production have the potential to improve the economics and promote the use of absorption chiller systems.

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Section: Calculation Methods and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption Power and Cooling Combined Cycle with an Aqueous Salt Solution as a Working Fluid and a Technically Feasible Configuration

et al. 2021

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“…Compared with single-stage radial-outflow turbine, single-stage axial-flow turbine may have higher efficiency with a smaller size [35]. Two micro single stage impulse axial turbines with output power of 15 kW and 12 kW were designed and the total-to-static efficiency of 65.0% and 73.4% were obtained, respectively [36]. The maximum isentropic efficiency of the small-scall cantilever turbines also could reach 76.8% [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Design of an Axial-Flow Turbine for Small-Scale Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle

2021

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A small-scale organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with kW-class power output has a wide application prospect in industrial low-grade energy utilization. Increasing the expansion pressure ratio of small-scale ORC is an effective approach to improve the energy efficiency. However, there is a lack of suitable expander for small-scale ORC that can operate with a high efficiency under the condition of large expansion pressure ratio and small mass flow rate. Aiming at the design of high-efficiency axial-flow turbine in small ORC system, this paper investigates the performance of a kW-class axial-flow turbine and proposes a method for efficiency improvement. First, the preliminary design of an axial-flow turbine is conducted to optimize the geometric parameters and aerodynamic parameters. Then, the effects of tip clearance and trailing edge thickness on turbine performance are analyzed under design and off-design conditions. The results show that the efficiency of the two-stage or three-stage turbine is evidently better than that of the single-stage one. The output power and efficiency of the three-stage turbine are close to that of the two-stage turbine while the speed is lower. Meanwhile, the trailing edge loss and leakage loss can be significantly reduced via reducing the trailing edge thickness and tip clearance, and thus the turbine efficiency can be improved significantly. The estimated efficiency arrives at 0.82, which is 33% higher than that of the conventional turbine. Considering the limitation of turbine speed, three-stage axial-flow turbine is a feasible choice to improve turbine efficiency in a small-scale ORC.

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“…In the current project, the authors have investigated analytically and by an in-house 1D turbine design tool (1DTDT) [18] various un-common turbine architectures like multi-stage radial-outflow turbines [17], quasi-impulse cantilever turbines [19] and radial inflow Curtisturbines for the given expansion task (400 °C/17.5 bar, 0.2 bar, about 80 g/s steam). Few uncommon turbine architectures have been promising from an aerodynamic point of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameterized, numerical design of a two-wheel Curtis steam turbine for small scale WHR

Streit

Weiß

2021

MATEC Web Conf.

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In contrast to the current trend of converting waste heat into electricity in the small power range below 100 kWel by means of an ORC plant, the authors are pursuing the concept of a micro steam power plant equipped with a micro turbine. Water avoids many of the problems often associated with organic working fluids, such as flammability, toxicity, greenhouse gas effect and high fluid costs. However, water vapor makes turbine design more challenging. The physical reasons for this are repeated, and thereby it becomes clear why a velocity compounded two wheel Curtis turbine has been chosen. The used in-house 1D turbine design tool is briefly introduced. More focus is put on the shortcomings of the implemented 1D loss model and their negative impact on the current turbine design. Consequently, the authors continued actual turbine design by a parameterized approach in 3D CAD/CFD. This approach is explained, and finally, the CFD flow field and the performance maps of the designed turbine are discussed. The turbine is currently under construction and will be installed in 2022 in a waste heat recovery (WHR) plant in Nuremberg/Germany.

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A micro-turbine-generator-construction-kit (MTG-c-kit) for small-scale waste heat recovery ORC-Plants

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Absorption Power and Cooling Combined Cycle with an Aqueous Salt Solution as a Working Fluid and a Technically Feasible Configuration

Absorption Power and Cooling Combined Cycle with an Aqueous Salt Solution as a Working Fluid and a Technically Feasible Configuration

Preliminary Design of an Axial-Flow Turbine for Small-Scale Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle

Parameterized, numerical design of a two-wheel Curtis steam turbine for small scale WHR

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