A methodology to liberate critical metals in waste solar panel

Li, Mingkai; Widijatmoko, Samuel D.; Wang, Zheng; Hall, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120900

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Reduce (R1) Energy efficiency Heat catcher trap [26] Semi-Auto generous tech. [27] High Pressure Grinding tech (HPGR) [27] battery for energy storage [28] Material efficiency physical or chemical sorting [29] Grinding and crushing [38] embrittlement with electro-fragmentation [29] Decomposition Reduce (R1) Reuse (R2)…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Processing Development for Radioactive Minerals Processing Facility: A Circular Economy Model

Madyaningarum,

Saputra,

Trinopiawan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

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The minerals and metals industries are vital in the world’s economy, yet their use of resources and waste generation pose considerable issues. The circular economy is a concept that establishes the foundation for economic operations that are carried out to run sustainably and to promote economic welfare, which in turn leads to an improvement in environmental quality. This paper offers a comprehensive literature analysis on the principles and efficacy of circular economy in mineral processing, specifically focusing on radioactive minerals. This research aims to develop a circular economy model that preserves resources, reduces waste production, and complies with regulatory rules on radioactive waste management. The study outlines a clear and structured circular economy model consisting of four modules: sample preparation, decomposition, partial extraction, and total precipitation. Each module integrates energy efficiency, heat recovery, renewable energy, water reuse, and chemical recycling. The validated model provides a roadmap for implementing circular economy principles in processing radioactive materials, contributing to achieving sustainable development goals. The government's agenda in pursuit of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) can be aided by this model. This study suggests that reducing resource use and the volume of material, energy, and waste generated by technological processes can be achieved while still maintaining quality. That concept brings about a change in the mindset of designing a mineral processing installation. Based on the result of this study, further study may be focused on implementing strategies for each module of the studied object.

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Processing Development for Radioactive Minerals Processing Facility: A Circular Economy Model

Madyaningarum,

Saputra,

Trinopiawan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

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“…Diverse pathways of solar panel waste glass recycling have been proposed; the most common is its reincorporation to the solar panel production [ 7 , 8 ]. Other proposed methods of recycling consist of mixing this waste with other residues in the production of different products, such as glass fiber [ 3 , 9 ] clay bricks [ 10 , 11 ] glass-ceramic materials [ 12 , 13 ] and zeolites [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic Glass Waste Recycling in the Development of Glass Substrates for Photovoltaic Applications

et al. 2023

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Because of the increasing demand for photovoltaic energy and the generation of end-of-life photovoltaic waste forecast, the feasibility to produce glass substrates for photovoltaic application by recycling photovoltaic glass waste (PVWG) material was analyzed. PVWG was recovered from photovoltaic house roof panels for developing windows glass substrates; PVWG was used as the main material mixed with other industrial waste materials (wSG). The glass was casted by air quenching, annealed, and polished to obtain transparent substrates samples. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) was deposited as back contact on the glass substrates by spray pyrolysis. The chemical composition of the glass materials was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the thermal stability was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the transmittance was determined by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The surface of the glass substrates and the deposited FTO were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the amorphous or crystalline state of the specimens were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the sheet resistance was evaluated by the four-point probe method. The sheet resistance of the deposited FTO on the wSG substrate was 7.84 ± 3.11 Ω/□, lower than that deposited on commercial soda-lime glass (8.48 ± 3.67 Ω/□), meaning that this material could present improved conduction of the produced electrons by the photovoltaic effect. This process may represent an alternative to produce glass substrates from waste materials that could be destined for photovoltaic applications, especially the production of ecological photovoltaic windows.

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Silver Recovery from Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Solar Cells Using Continuous Stirred‐Tank Reactors

Song,

Zhuo,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Silver can be recycled from the end‐of‐life (EoL) crystalline silicon (c‐Si) photovoltaic (PV), yet the recycling and its technology scale‐up are still at an early stage especially in continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR). In this work, the silver recovery from the solar cells is technically understood and optimised in the CSTR system from the point of view of silver recovery efficiency, through integrating experimental and numerical investigations. Specifically, based on the experiments, a kinetics model is developed and SEM surface morphology is characterised; and a Computational Fluid Dynamics‐Discrete Element Method (CFD‐DEM) particle‐scale model is integrated with the kinetics model and validated against the fluid‐flow pattern and silver leaching performance results from lab measurements. The validated CFD‐DEM model is then applied to understand the particle‐scale behaviour of silver leaching in the CSTR system in terms of hydrodynamics and AgNO3 distribution under different impeller speeds. The simulation results show that the silver leaching performance is improved in an improved CSTR design with a lower impeller position and doubled impeller layers. This work reveals the effectiveness and underlying hydrodynamics of silver leaching in CSTR systems and lays a foundation for improving silver recovery in PV recycling.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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A methodology to liberate critical metals in waste solar panel

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Chemical Processing Development for Radioactive Minerals Processing Facility: A Circular Economy Model

Chemical Processing Development for Radioactive Minerals Processing Facility: A Circular Economy Model

Photovoltaic Glass Waste Recycling in the Development of Glass Substrates for Photovoltaic Applications

Silver Recovery from Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Solar Cells Using Continuous Stirred‐Tank Reactors

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