A Method to Separate Lignoids from Virola Leaves

Fernandes, Anna Maria A. P.; Prado, Aldebaran L.; Barata, Lauro Euclides Soares; Paulo, Marçal Q.; Azevedo, Neucírio Ricardo de; Ferri, Pedro Henrique

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1565(199701)8:1<18::aid-pca330>3.3.co;2-2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Ethanolic extract was concentrated and dried under reduced pressure at 40°C in a vapor motor and dispersed in methanol/water 7:3 mixture. The resultant dispersion was filtered in Celite, to remove chlorophyll (Fernandes et al 1997) and lately extracted with hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate to obtain the hexane, chloroformic, and ethyl acetate fractions free of chlorophylls and all solvents. The essential oil of O. gratissimum leaves was isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus for 4/5 h, yield the pure oil which was dried by treating with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Lemos

Passos

Fernandes

et al. 2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Cryptococcal infection had an increased incidence in last yearsCryptococcal infections have increased dramatically over the last years. This high incidence can be due in large part to the explosion of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic around the world and the use of more potent immunosuppressive agents by increasing numbers of solid organ transplant recipients (Mitchell & Perfect 1995, Dromer et al. 1996.Cryptococcal meningitis, the most common infection of cryptococcosis is usually chronic and uniformly fatal if untreated (Collazos 2003). Some antifungal drugs, such as polyene macrolides (amphotericin B) and azoles (itraconazole and fluconazole) are currently used in antifungal therapies with certain limitations due to side effects as toxicity and emergence of resistant strains (Terrel 1999, Saag et al. 2000. The lack of response to treatment and resistance in vitro to fluconazole, the drug that now commands maintenance treatment protocols for AIDS patients has began to emerge with Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans in immunocompromissed patients undergoing prolonged azole treatment (Alves et al. 1997, Momoff & Parrish 2003 The medicinal plants have been used for several purposes including antimicrobial effects and have showed inhibition of growth to fungi. Caryocar brasiliensis, plant widely distributed in Brazil, has in vitro activity against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and C. neoformans while Hyptis ovalifolia, plant native from Brazilian cerrado, has inhibitory effect on dermatophytes (Souza et al. 2002). We are interested on antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum, plant known as alfavaca cravo, which has presented in vitro inhibitory effect against bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and some fungi as dermatophytes (Lima et al. 1993, Nakamura et al. 1999.The occurrence of cryptococcosis in Goiânia and its importance in immunocom-promised patients justify in studying Cryptococcus species in this city localized in the Brazilian midwest region. In this paper the antifungal activity of ethanolic crude extract, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroformic fractions, essential oils and eugenol from O. gratissimum leaves towards 25 isolates of C. neoformans, important pathogen commonly found in our geographic area , was investigated. Chemical analysis of essential oil -Oil sample analysis was performed on a Shimadzu QP5050A gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS) instrument employing the following conditions: fused silica capillary column (CBP-5; 30 m x 0.25 µm x 0.25 µm) which was programmed as follows: 60ºC for 2 min and then up to 240ºC at 3ºC/min, then to 270ºC at 10ºC/min ending with a 10 min at 270ºC. The carrier gas was He at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, split mode, with ratio of 1:5, and injection volume of 1 µl in CH 2 Cl 2 and the ionization voltage, 70 EV. The calculation of the retention indexes was made through co-injection with C 8 -C 32 n alkanes series (Van Den Doll & Kratz 1963). Identification of the oil constituents was made based on the ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Lemos

Passos

Fernandes

et al. 2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The ethanolic extract was concentrated and dried under reduced pressure at 40 °C in a vapour motor and dispersed in methanol/water 7 : 3 mixture. The resultant dispersion was filtered in Celite to remove chlorophyll 12 and then was extracted with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate to obtain the hexane, chloroformic and ethyl acetate fractions. The essential oil of O. gratissimum leaves was isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus for 4–5 h. Eugenol (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) used for susceptibility test was commercially obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum towards dermatophytes

Silva¹,

Oliveira²,

Fernandes³

et al. 2005

Mycoses

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The development of more effective and less toxic antifungal agents is required for the treatment of dermatophytosis. Plants and their preparations have been used as medicines against infectious diseases. Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum leaves were investigated for in vitro antifungal activity, using agar dilution technique against dermatophytes. The extracts (hexane, chloroform fractions, the essential oil and eugenol) produced antifungal activities against Microsporum canis, M. gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Trichophyton rubrum, the most common aetiological agent of dermatophytosis in Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil, was also the most susceptible dermatophyte. The hexane fraction and eugenol were the most active. Hexane fraction inhibited the growth of 100% of dermatophytes at a concentration of 125 microg ml(-1), while eugenol inhibited the growth of 80% of dermatophytes at this same concentration. These results show that extracts of O. gratissimum are active in vitro against human pathogenic dermatophytes.

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“…The ethanol extract was dissolved in Chemical constituents of Thymus mastichina Natural Product Communications Vol. 7 (11) 2012 1493 methanol:water (3:1) and cooled in an ice/sodium chloride bath overnight [12]. The precipitate was recovered by filtration and consists on the insoluble portion of the ethanol extract (2.2 g; GI 50 = 2.6 µg/mL).…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus mastichina: Chemical Constituents and their Anti-Cancer Activity

Gordo

Máximo

Cabrita

et al. 2012

Natural Product Communications

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The cytotoxicity-guided study of the dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of Thymus mastichina L. using the HCT colon cancer cell line allowed the identification of nine compounds, sakuranetin (1), sterubin (2), oleanolic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), lutein (5), β-sitosterol (6), rosmarinic acid (7), 6hydroxyluteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (8), and 6-hydroxyapigenin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (9). All compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against the HCT colon cancer cell line. Compound 4 showed cytotoxicity with GI 50 value of 6.8 µg/mL. A fraction composed of a mixture (1:1) of triterpenoid acids 3 and 4 displayed improved cytotoxicity with a GI 50 of 2.8 g/mL suggesting a synergistic behavior. This is the first report on the chemical constituents of Thymus mastichina L. based on structural assignments by spectroscopic analysis. The presence of these constituents identified by colon cancer cytotoxicity-guided activity indicates that extracts of T. mastichina L. may have a protective effect against colon cancers.

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A Method to Separate Lignoids from Virola Leaves

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum towards dermatophytes

Thymus mastichina: Chemical Constituents and their Anti-Cancer Activity

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