A Method to Create Directed Acyclic Graphs from Cycles of Transmission of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Infectious Agents

Jackson, Ellen; Janitz, Amanda E.; Carabin, Hélène

doi:10.1089/vbz.2022.0040

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A qualitative approach used in observational studies uses Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) to identify major environmental factors that may confuse the interpretation of the observed results, as well as providing approaches to overcome them. This graphical approach recognizes two major categories of intervening environmental/social factors that need to be identified and resolved: confounders and colliders [ 100 ]. Confounders are (environmental) factors associated with exposure (such as host occurrence) as well as infection (or human disease).…”

Section: Host/virus Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direction and magnitude of the bias cannot be predicted. A recent review of the use of DAGs in vector borne disease systems is outlined by Jackson and colleagues for West Nile virus transmission cycles [ 100 ]. In the ecology of Orthohantavirus host populations, as a simple example, population structure, and sex ratio, are both modulated by seasonal reproduction, and all may directly or indirectly impact the observed infection prevalence.…”

Section: Host/virus Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forecasting Outbreaks of Hantaviral Disease: Future Directions in Geospatial Modeling

Glass¹

2023

Viruses

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Hantaviral diseases have been recognized as ‘place diseases’ from their earliest identification and, epidemiologically, are tied to single host species with transmission occurring from infectious hosts to humans. As such, human populations are most at risk when they are in physical proximity to suitable habitats for reservoir populations, when numbers of infectious hosts are greatest. Because of the lags between improving habitat conditions and increasing infectious host abundance and spillover to humans, it should be possible to anticipate (forecast) where and when outbreaks will most likely occur. Most mammalian hosts are associated with specific habitat requirements, so identifying these habitats and the ecological drivers that impact population growth and the dispersal of viral hosts should be markers of the increased risk for disease outbreaks. These regions could be targeted for public health and medical education. This paper outlines the rationale for forecasting zoonotic outbreaks, and the information that needs to be clarified at various levels of biological organization to make the forecasting of orthohantaviruses successful. Major challenges reflect the transdisciplinary nature of forecasting zoonoses, with needs to better understand the implications of the data collected, how collections are designed, and how chosen methods impact the interpretation of results.

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Section: Host/virus Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Host/virus Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting Outbreaks of Hantaviral Disease: Future Directions in Geospatial Modeling

Glass¹

2023

Viruses

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“…The likelihood of zoonotic disease spillover following animal exposure has been connected to global patterns of recorded humanwildlife interactions in areas of land-use change. (Jackson et al 2023). Understanding the association between human-wildlife interactions and zoonotic diseases can aid in disease risk assessment and management.…”

Section: Human Wildlife Interactions Andzoonotic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the association between human-wildlife interactions and zoonotic diseases can aid in disease risk assessment and management. Synanthropic bats' roost selection in rural Kenya has consequences for human-wildlife conflict and zoonotic pathogen spread (Jackson et al 2023). Furthermore, the involvement of wild animals in the transmission and amplification of etiological agents of emerging and re-emerging zoonosis is shown in the Fig.…”

Section: Human Wildlife Interactions Andzoonotic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Gerken et al 2023;Zakeri et al 2023). Observational studies aid in the identification of modifiable risk factors and the development of responses (Jackson et al 2023). These illnesses can be transmitted by a variety of means, including domestic animals, wildlife, and vectors, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive surveillance and control efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Awareness and Community Engagement in Zoonotic Disease Management

2023

IJAB

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Zoonotic illnesses, which are transmitted from animals to people, constitute a huge worldwide health danger. A holistic strategy that goes beyond traditional medical procedures is required for effective management. This chapter investigates the critical role of public awareness campaigns and community participation in the control and prevention of zoonotic illnesses. This chapter demonstrates the interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health, emphasizing the importance of a collaborative and multidisciplinary framework. It dives into the numerous mechanisms by which zoonotic illnesses develop and spread, emphasizing the significance of proactive risk-mitigation techniques at the human-animal-environment interface. This chapter's major focus is the crucial importance of awareness in disease prevention. It assesses current community awareness strategies, spanning from old approaches to modern digital platforms, and analyses their influence on community comprehension and preparation. To maximise efficacy, the discussion emphasizes the importance of culturally sensitive and community-tailored campaigns. The ability of community-based participatory initiatives to improve early detection, facilitate fast intervention, and promote long-term behavioral change is being assessed. Strategies for overcoming these problems are highlighted, including the incorporation of local knowledge, the development of partnerships, and the use of technology to improve communication.

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A Method to Create Directed Acyclic Graphs from Cycles of Transmission of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Infectious Agents

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Forecasting Outbreaks of Hantaviral Disease: Future Directions in Geospatial Modeling

Forecasting Outbreaks of Hantaviral Disease: Future Directions in Geospatial Modeling

Awareness and Community Engagement in Zoonotic Disease Management

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