A method to characterize ink performance by line resistance measurement through modeling for direct pen writing

Fully Handwritten Flexible Electrothermal Devices Using a Whiteboard Marker Pen with Carbon Nanoparticle Ink

“…A whiteboard marker pen refill is chosen for ink filling according to the previous study. 29 Deionized water and ethanol were applied to wash away the residual ink inside the refill several times until the refill was totally cleaned. After the natural drying procedure, a 2.5 mL syringe was used to inject conductive ink into the refill.…”

“…Compared to various printing technologies, a direct handwriting strategy developed recently possesses advantages of low cost, user-friendliness, simplicity, and flexibility. , In addition, a functional device can be fabricated by just writing on a flexible substrate using a pen filled with conductive materials, which is very simple and convenient, resulting in real-time, do-it-yourself (DIY) production. , The handwriting strategy also allows the deposition of continuous track rather than drop by drop like inkjet printing, which is of vital importance for the formation of conductive circuits . Many applied metal-based nanomaterials and MXenes to fabricate new types of electronic devices on flexible substrates.…”

“…26,27 In addition, a functional device can be fabricated by just writing on a flexible substrate using a pen filled with conductive materials, which is very simple and convenient, resulting in real-time, do-it-yourself (DIY) production. 28,29 The handwriting strategy also allows the deposition of continuous track rather than drop by drop like inkjet printing, which is of vital importance for the formation of conductive circuits. 30 Although the performance of prepared flexible electronic devices was excellent, the fabrication cost was too high, which limited the mass production of these devices with high performance.…”