A Method of Time Constraint Workflow Model Analysis and Verification

Abstract

In order to describe the temporal aspect of workflow model and verify the temporal consistency, a method based on temporal logic and model checking for modeling and verifying time constraint workflows is presented. By this method, the first order logic is used to model workflow including its basic temporal information, temporal logic is used to model the time constraints, and model checking is used to analyze and verify the temporal consistency. The method can be used to verify any time constraints that can be described by temporal logic. Also the method can offer a counterexample of workflow instance to the time constraint which can not pass the verification. Finally, the method is validated through a case study.

Highly selective CO2 separation membranes through tunable poly(4-vinylphenolate)–CO2 interactions

“…13 C MAS NMR spectroscopy reveals the formation of a phenol-carbonate complex (d ¼ 162.00 ppm) upon exposure to CO 2 , which is in accordance with literature results for the monomolecular system. 12 The obtained spectrum also indicates that gaseous or physically coordinated CO 2 , which has a chemical shi at d ¼ 124.88 ppm, 32 is practically absent from the polyelectrolyte sample. An additional shi at d ¼ 158.28 ppm is ascribed to tetraalkylphosphonium bicarbonate formation in the presence of residual moisture (Fig.…”

“…The Dai group recently reported that CO 2 capacity of phenolic ILs can be tuned by substitution of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups at the phenyl ring, thereby controlling the Lewis-acidity of the phenolate moiety. 12 In an effort to further enhance CO 2 solubility, the concept was applied to the polymeric system. Surprisingly, the presence of electron-donating methoxy groups at the phenyl ring had an adverse effect on CO 2…”

“…11 More recently, Dai and co-workers reported on the controllability of capacity and heat of CO 2 -absorption of phenolic ILs by the presence of electron-donating or -withdrawing groups at the phenyl ring. 12 As a promising path to a fully continuous, low-maintenance and highly modular CO 2 separation process, IL-and polyelectrolyte-based membranes have been the object of increasing research interest in recent years. [13][14][15][16][17] Since selective solubility of CO 2 is also a key material property in the membrane context, those recent advancements in CO 2 scrubbing can be transferred to membrane material development.…”

Ionic liquids for energy, materials, and medicine

“…Moreover, CO 2 absorption into, and release from these IL could be repeatedly cycled 25 times with high absorption capacity. [8][9][10][11][12] Nonetheless, these functionalized ILs were not easy to synthesize and purify.…”

Probing the effect of electron donation on CO2 absorbing 1,2,3-triazolide ionic liquids

“…18 It was shown that this salt-bridge formation can be avoided by developing aprotic heterocyclic anions (AHA) which lack the necessary proton to form salt bridges as reported by Wang. 11,19,20 These AHA ILs may then be used to efficiently and reversibly capture CO 2 in equimolar stoichiometry without the increase in viscosity. 21,22 The new ILs can be prepared from simple azoles and can be tuned for stability, CO 2 absorption enthalpy, and CO 2 capacity based on the choice of the azole.…”