A Method of Testing Muscular Strength in Infantile Paralysis

Abstract

A convenient method of classifying the persons studied is in terms of "the strength factor," which is simply the figure obtained by dividing the total

On the reliability and validity of manual muscle testing: a literature review

“…In the absence of a pathological neurological deficit (pathological deficits were originally what physicians sought to find using MMT), [25,26] clinical inferences are made based upon the result of the MMT. This method of MMT is used in both chiropractic and physical therapy to determine a patient's progress during therapy [3-9,20-23].…”

Estimating the prevalence of use of kinesiology-style manual muscle testing: A survey of educators

“…First described in the literature in 1915 by Lovett and Martin, MMT was originally used to assess muscular weakness in polio patients [8,9]. The tests were crude and generalised, and little was known about their validity.…”

“…Currently, it is this type of MMT that is used in orthopaedic, neurology and physical medicine settings to assess neuromusculoskeletal integrity. This form of MMT usually tests for muscular strength or power, and outcomes are typically graded from 0 to 5, and interpreted as 5 being normal [8,11].…”

Isolated Primary Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Thoracic Spine: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

“…The medical history indicated no abnormalities. Neurological examination revealed hypoesthesia below the level of the xiphoid process and the muscular strength of both lower extremities was grade I according to the 'Manual Muscle Test' grading system, 4 with a positive Babinski's sign bilaterally. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervicothoracic spine revealed an extradural spinal mass at the T1 -T3 level, with invasion into the T3 vertebral body.…”