A Method of Forming Optical Diffusers of Simple Known Statistical Properties

Gray, Peter F.

doi:10.1080/713819842

Cited by 79 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The interface that separates the film and the vacuum is one-dimensionally rough, and it was fabricated with a variation of the technique described by Gray and modified for a one-dimensional surface. (12) The surface profile of the sample (see Ref. 8) is defined through the equation X3 ç(xi) such that the grooves and ridges of its one-dimensional surface are parallel to the x2 axis.…”

Section: The Speckle Trucking In the Specular Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Dynamic behavior of speckles from rough surface scattering</title>

McGurn

1999

SPIE Proceedings

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In this paper, we present the experimental resu'ts of the dynamic behavior of speckles from rough surface scattering to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis. Recently, McGurn and Maradudin have predicted an additional short-range correlation C(b0), which shows symmetry of speckles around the specular direction in the far-field scattering from a rough surface. We have measured this peak with a twodimensional rough dielectric film on a glass substrate. We have also measured the speckle trucking in the specular direction, the rotation invariance, and the time-reversed speckle memory effect with a onedimensional rough dielectric film on a glass substrate.

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Section: The Speckle Trucking In the Specular Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Dynamic behavior of speckles from rough surface scattering</title>

McGurn

1999

SPIE Proceedings

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“…It consist of flat parallel glass plate covered by a photoresist film with a randomly rough interface. The rough surface on the photoresist was fabricated with well a known technique that consist on the repeated exposure of the plate to laser speckle patterns with the appropriate statistical 16 The resulting surface profile of the sample was measured with a Dektak8t stylus profilometer. Both, the histogram of heights and the measured correlation lengths were approximately Gaussian, although deviations from the assumed model (Gaussian random process with a Gaussian correlation function) were found in the second derivative of the measured profile.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Scattering by randomly rough two-dimensional dielectric surfaces</title>

Chaikina

Hernández-Walls

Mendez

1997

Scattering and Surface Roughness

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An experimental investigation of the angular distribution of the light scattered by randomly rough, two-dimensional, isotropic dielectric surfaces is presented. The surfaces, whose profiles constitute good approximations to Gaussian random processes with Gaussian correlation functions are fabricated in photoresist and characterized by means of a mechanical profilometer. The substrates employed in the fabrication of the samples consist of thick parallel plates of filter glass that absorb the incident light and whose refractive index is close to that of photoresist. This allows us to approximate experimentally a situation in which the light is scattered by a randomly rough interface separating two semi-infinite dielectric media, illuminated from the air side. With the rougher surfaces, we have observed enhanced backscattering effects in both, the s and p cases of incident polarization. Small but important cross-polarized components of the scattered light have also been observed.

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“…After the original invention of computer-generated kinoform at IBM research labs in 1969, a number of industrial researchers [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19] , led by H. J. Caulfield, showed how kinoform diffusers could be made as either volume or surface relief structures [ 9] and recorded by using only optical means, without the complication of having first to calculate a computer-generated wavefront, as taught by IBM in 1969 [8] . H. J. Caulfield further showed [11] that these kinoform diffusers were highly efficient in either transmission or reflection and that they were completely tailorable with regard to their angular dispersion for their far field radiation patterns.…”

Section: Kinoform Diffusersmentioning

confidence: 99%

LED downlights with non-circular spots

Parkyn

Pelka

2005

Fifth International Conference on Solid State Lighting

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The ubiquitous downlight inhabits our ceilings by the millions. Hot, inefficient, and electrically wasteful, it is next in line for replacement by the latest high-brightness, high-efficacy white LEDs. The conventional downlight configuration of a large incandescent spotlight in a low-cost, ceiling-recessed metal can, represents the culmination of old technology, fated never to improve significantly. Incandescent downlights add greatly both to direct and indirect electrical consumption, with the lamps requiring relatively frequent replacement. The small size of LED emitters means small optical elements can produce much higher-quality beams than incandescent spotlight-lamps can produce. Herein we introduce compact high-luminosity LED downlights with lenses that deliver uniform illumination to delimited targets such as tables. One version utilizes circular lenses and micro-diffuser films to deliver square outputs. The other uses lenses cut to the target shape. In particular, one of these lenses is the first to offer a semicircular spot suitable for gambling tables.

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A Method of Forming Optical Diffusers of Simple Known Statistical Properties

Cited by 79 publications

References 9 publications

<title>Dynamic behavior of speckles from rough surface scattering</title>

<title>Dynamic behavior of speckles from rough surface scattering</title>

<title>Scattering by randomly rough two-dimensional dielectric surfaces</title>

LED downlights with non-circular spots

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