A method of carbon monoxide emission forecast in Moscow

Revokatova, A. P.

doi:10.3103/s1068373913060046

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Urban breeze circulation is another factor probably enhancing the ventilation of the city, while at the same time promoting the pollutants transfer from industrial areas, located in suburbs, to the city center. Thus, urban-induced processes should be essentially considered in air quality forecasts for urban areas, e.g., in COSMO-ART model [99], which is now used for this purpose for Moscow region [100,101]. It is also important to take them into consideration in high-resolution weather forecast for urban areas, biometeorological applications and in downscaling of climate change scenarios as shown in [7,102].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megacity-Induced Mesoclimatic Effects in the Lower Atmosphere: A Modeling Study for Multiple Summers over Moscow, Russia

et al. 2018

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Urbanization leads to distinct meteorological features of urban environments, and one the best-known is the urban heat island (UHI) effect. For megacities, these features become mesoscale phenomena (scale ≥ 10 km) that are amplified by the tropospheric feedbacks, and have substantial implications on human well-being. For the first time, a three-dimensional statistical description of the megacity-induced meteorological effects extending towards the lower troposphere for summer is acquired on a quasi-climatological timescale (a decade) based on high-resolution (1 km) simulations for Moscow with the COSMO-CLM model with and without its urban canopy model TERRA_URB. Our results confirm the features from previous observational and modeling studies, including the UHI itself, the cooling effect above established by the cross-over effect, the urban dry/moist islands and the urban breeze circulation. Particularly, the UHI shows a strong diurnal variation in terms of intensity and vertical extent between daytime (≈0.5 K/≈1.5 km) and nighttime (>3 K/≈150 m). We have discovered a systematic veering in the downwind shift of the UHI spatial pattern established by the Coriolis effect, and an enhanced stable stratification of the rural surroundings established by the urban plumes further downwind. Finally, extending the analysis to multiple summers demonstrates a substantial increase in summer precipitation (up to +25%) over the city center and its leeward side. These urban-caused mesoclimatic effects need to be taken into account in weather and climate services, including the design of future megacities.

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