A Method for Visualization of Fine Retinal Vascular Pulsation Using Nonmydriatic Fundus Camera Synchronized with Electrocardiogram

Kumar, Deepak; Aliahmad, Behzad; Hao, Hao; Azemin, Mohd Zulfaezal Che; Kawasaki, Ryo

doi:10.1155/2013/865834

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In line with this concept and our current findings is that several studies showed that the diameter of the retinal arterioles and venules change during the cardiac cycle. 2, [45][46][47] Retinal arteriolar and venular diameter peak in mid-systole and early diastole, respectively, the maximal diameter changes averaging 3.5% and 4.8%, respectively. 2 We did not account for pulsatility of the retinal microvessels in our present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal glomerular dysfunction in relation to retinal arteriolar narrowing and high pulse pressure in seniors

Petit

Wei

et al. 2015

Hypertens Res

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Retinal arteriolar narrowing and high pulse pressure (PP) are associated with macrovascular complications and microvascular renal disease. Few studies addressed whether in seniors (⩾60 years) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is independently related to central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and PP. In 292 randomly recruited seniors (49.3% women; mean, 68.2 years), we measured PP by standard sphygmomanometry, CRAE (IVAN software), eGFR (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation) and stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guideline)). Statistical methods included linear and logistic regression. PP, CRAE and eGFR averaged 59.2 mm Hg, 146.3 μm and 79.9 ml min(-1) per 1.73 m(2). Decline in eGFR (-2.27 ml min(-1) per 1.73 m(2) per 15 μm; P=0.011) occurred in parallel with CRAE narrowing. CRAE (effect size per 1-s.d. increment, -1.85 μm; P=0.032) and eGFR (-2.68 ml min(-1) per 1.73 m(2); P=0.003) both declined with higher PP. With PP increasing from 63 to 73 mm Hg (threshold for macrovascular complications), CRAE dropped by -4.70 μm (P⩽0.037). A 70-mm Hg PP threshold corresponded with a 150-μm CRAE cutoff. The risk of CKD (stage ⩾2 vs. 1; n=203 vs. 89) rose with CRAE <150 μm (odds ratio, 2.81; P<0.0001), but not with PP ⩾70 mm Hg (1.47; P=0.20). Additionally, CRAE added to PP increased the area under the curve from 0.58 to 0.64 (P=0.047) for identifying stage ⩾2 CKD. In seniors, CRAE and eGFR decline in parallel with higher PP. CRAE <150 μm identifies early decline in eGFR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal glomerular dysfunction in relation to retinal arteriolar narrowing and high pulse pressure in seniors

Petit

Wei

et al. 2015

Hypertens Res

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“…This technique was used to examine a longer segment of the vessel and, consequently, several pulsatile features other than spontaneous venous pulsations were detected including serpentine movements, vessel displacement and mechanical coupling. However, identification of the pulsatile segment was required before measurement [32]. Moret et al used near-infrared slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy (HRA-OCT Spectralis) and applied principal component analysis to evaluate the image sequence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of normal retinal vascular pulse wave attenuation using modified photoplethysmography

Abdul-Rahman

Morgan

2020

PLoS ONE

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Pulse wave attenuation characteristics reflect compliance and resistance properties of the vessel wall as well as initial pulse generation factors. Recently, it has become possible to measure and map the retinal vessel wall pulse wave amplitudes. Predictable pulse wave amplitude distribution may allow inferences to be made concerning vascular compliance and resistance. Twenty-eight eyes from sixteen subjects (8 male and 8 female) were examined using modified retinal photoplethysmography with simultaneous ophthalmodynamometry. This allowed the assessment of vessel wall pulsation amplitudes under a dynamic range of intraocular pressures. Pulse amplitudes were calculated using harmonic regression analysis. The pulse wave attenuation was measured under different ranges of ophthalmodynamometric force (ODF) as a function of distance along the vessel (V Dist ), which in turn was calculated in disc diameters (DD) from the center of the optic disc. A linear mixed-effects model with randomized slopes and intercepts was used to estimate the correlations between the logarithmically transformed harmonic regression wave amplitude (HRW a ) and the Fourier trigonometric coefficients with the predictors (V Dist and ODF). The retinal venous harmonic regression wave attenuation (coefficient value±standard error) -0.40±0.065/DD, (p-value < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.53 to -0.27), which was approximately twice that of the arterial -0.17±0.048/DD, (p-value < 0.0004, 95% CI = -0.27 to -0.08). There was a positive correlation between attenuation of the harmonic regression wave and ophthalmodynamometric force in both vascular systems. The attenuation of all but the sine coefficient of the second Fourier harmonic (b n2 ) achieved statistical significance in the correlation with V Dist . The cosine coefficient of the first Fourier harmonic a n1 was the only coefficient to achieve statistical significance in the correlation with the predictors V Dist and ODF in both vascular systems. The a n1 coefficient value in the correlation with V Dist was -3.79±0.78 and -1.269±0.37 (p < 0.0006), while this coefficient value in the correlation with ODF was 0.026±0.0099 and 0.009±0.04 (p < 0.01) in both the retinal veins and arteries respectively. The predictable attenuation characteristics in normal subjects suggest that this technique may allow the non-invasive quantification of retinal vascular compliance and other hemodynamic parameters.

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“… 1 Modern imaging technology has facilitated the detection and measurement of physiological retinal vascular pulsations. These methods can be used to measure pulsations in retinal vessels, as well as their accompanying lesions, which can be of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic significance, they include: Ophthalmoscopy, 2 ophthalmodynamometry and ocular-pneumatoplethysmography, 3 electrocardiography synchronized modified fundus imaging, 4 dynamic fluorescein 5 and indocyanine angiography, 6 near-infrared reflectance ophthalmoscopy, 7 swept-source optical coherence tomography, 8 adaptive optics imaging, 9 and the Dynamic Vessel Analyzer. 10 More recently, we described Modified Photoplethysmography as a non-invasive technique of measurement of the retinal vascular pulse amplitude and timing characteristics in the Fourier domain 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Visualization of Fine Retinal Vascular Pulsation Using Nonmydriatic Fundus Camera Synchronized with Electrocardiogram

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Renal glomerular dysfunction in relation to retinal arteriolar narrowing and high pulse pressure in seniors

Renal glomerular dysfunction in relation to retinal arteriolar narrowing and high pulse pressure in seniors

Measurement of normal retinal vascular pulse wave attenuation using modified photoplethysmography

Near infra-red reflectance videography in the evaluation of retinal artery macroaneurysm pulsatility

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