A method for the replication of articular cartilage surfaces suitable for the scanning electron microscope

Clarke, Ian C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1971.tb02266.x

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Articular cartilage is an inhomogeneous biomolecular tissue characterized by 4 primary layers or subdivisions: (1) the superficial or tangential zone, (2) the middle or transitional zone, (3) the deep or radial zone, and (4) the underlying calcified cartilage zone. 1,2 The microstructural configuration of each of these layers varies little among different species and different joints within a single species. 3 The major biochemical components of human and animal articular cartilage are collagen, chondroitin sulfate, aggrecan and other proteoglycans, fibronectin, and hyaluronate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Absorptive Properties of Articular Cartilage, ECM Molecules, Synovial Fluid, and Photoinitiators as Potential Barriers to Light-Initiated Polymer Scaffolding Procedures

et al. 2017

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Objective Many in vivo procedures to repair chondral defects use ultraviolet (UV)-photoinitiated in situ polymerization within the cartilage matrix. Chemical species that absorb UV light might reduce the effectiveness of these procedures by acting as light absorption barriers. This study evaluated whether any of the individual native biochemical components in cartilage and synovial fluid interfered with the absorption of light by common scaffolding photosensitizers. Materials UV-visible spectroscopy was performed on each major component of cartilage in solution, on bovine synovial fluid, and on four photosensitizers, riboflavin, Irgacure 2959, quinine, and riboflavin-5'-phosphate. Molar extinction and absorption coefficients were calculated at wavelengths of maximum absorbance and 365 nm. Intact articular cartilage was also examined. Results The individual major biochemical components of cartilage, Irgacure 2959, and quinine did not exhibit a significant absorption at 365 nm. Riboflavin and riboflavin-5'-phosphate were more effectual light absorbers at 365 nm, compared with the individual native species. Intact cartilage absorbed a significantly greater amount of UV light in comparison with the native species. Conclusion Our results indicate that none of the individual native species in cartilage will interfere with the absorption of UV light at 365 nm by these commonly used photoinitiators. Intact cartilage slices exhibited significant light absorption at 365 nm, while also having distinct absorbance peaks at wavelengths less than 300 nm. Determining the UV absorptive properties of the biomolecules native to articular cartilage and synovial fluid will aid in optimizing scaffolding procedures to ensure sufficient scaffold polymerization at a minimum UV intensity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Absorptive Properties of Articular Cartilage, ECM Molecules, Synovial Fluid, and Photoinitiators as Potential Barriers to Light-Initiated Polymer Scaffolding Procedures

et al. 2017

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Freeze‐drying of articular cartilage: Investigation of rat femoral heads by SEM

Draenert

1979

Scanning

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SummaryThe results of comparative investigations of freeze-drying of joint cartilage which had not been separated from the underlying bone are reported.Fixation and ethanol and amyl acetate substitution procedures cause marked loss of ground substance and thus create surface structures which are not present to the same degree in cartilage which is simply freezedried. Indeed, it is questionable whether these structures are present in vivo. They were most highly developed in critical-point-dried cartilage.The main difficulty with freeze-drying is the prevention of damage caused by ice crystals. A tissue temperature of -130°C should always be aimed for and, because of the rapid growth of ice crystals, the temperature should never be allowed to rise above -90°C. These conditions can be fulfilled if the specimen is .in good thermal contact with the cold stage and if the cooling device is equipped with a condenser which is cooled with liquid nitrogen.The better the tissue was processed, the smoother was the resulting cartilage surface and the greater was the degree to which the chondrocytes fitted the walls of their lacunae.At tissue temperatures above -90 o e, the first change which became apparent was destruction of the cell membranes. This was followed by almost com-

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Bioengineering Orientated Studies on the Structure of Human Hip Joint Cartilage

Millington¹,

Clarke

1973

Perspectives in Biomedical Engineering

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A method for the replication of articular cartilage surfaces suitable for the scanning electron microscope

Abstract: SUMMARY A method for replicating the surface of soft, wet tissue such as human articular cartilage is described. Silicone, acrylic and epoxy resins were tried. ‘Tensol‐7’ acrylic resin was found to be the most suitable replicating medium.

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Light Absorptive Properties of Articular Cartilage, ECM Molecules, Synovial Fluid, and Photoinitiators as Potential Barriers to Light-Initiated Polymer Scaffolding Procedures

Light Absorptive Properties of Articular Cartilage, ECM Molecules, Synovial Fluid, and Photoinitiators as Potential Barriers to Light-Initiated Polymer Scaffolding Procedures

Freeze‐drying of articular cartilage: Investigation of rat femoral heads by SEM

Bioengineering Orientated Studies on the Structure of Human Hip Joint Cartilage

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