A Method for the Rapid Differentiation of Certain Non-pathogenic, Asporogenous Bacilli

Shewan, J. M.; Hodgkiss, William S.; Liston, J.

doi:10.1038/173208b0

Cited by 136 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Shewan, Hodgkiss & Liston (1954) recommended the use of the vibriostatic compound 01129 (2:4-diamino-6:7-di-isopropylpteridine) to differentiate Vibrio from Pseudommas, particularly the non-chromogenic pseudomonads. The compound (kindly supplied by Dr H. 0.…”

Section: Cy T Olugical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens

Rhodes

1959

Journal of General Microbiology

184

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SUMMARY: A study of phytopathogenic pseudomonads was begun, but it was found that they could not easily be differentiated from the commonly occurring soil-and water-inhabiting fluorescent pseudomonads. A collection of 169 isolates, including 24 named cultures from various collections, was studied. Both old and new kinds of diagnostic characters, cytological, physiological and biochemical, were investigated under standard conditions. Recordings were made at frequent intervals during a 28-day incubation period. Each character was investigated a t least three times during a period of at least five years in order to assess its stability.A clear differentiation between Pseudomonas hydrophila (NCTC '7810) and P. icthyosmia (NCTC 8049) and the rest of the collection was apparent; these two isolates belong to the genus A m m a s Kluyver & van Niel. The use of the vibriostatic pteridine derivative 0/129 revealed a close relationship between them and Vibrio icthyodermis PL 1.Of the 169 isolates (including a t least 20 named species) 165 had 26 common definable and stable characters; these are offered for an extended definition of the genus Pseudomonas. A further 43 characteristics were not common to all 165 isolates. No two of these characters were correlated. One isolate had 42/43 positive characters and one had only 4, and there was a very great range of variation. Among 58 selected isolates there were 21 small groups of identical isolates, but the largest number in any group was 5; the remaining 107 isolates each had a different combination of the 43 characters. Even 10 fluorescent isolates, originally obtained from a single plating of 1 loopful of river water, showed 9 different combinations of characters.A small group of 5 isolates appeared to conform with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as defined by Haynes (1951) and Gaby (1955) but many fluorescens-type isolates were closely related when considered on the basis of all the characters investigated.Several of the named phytophathogens showed a close relationship, or apparent identity, with soil and water isolates ; many phytophathogens, however, had a conspicuous number of negative characters, suggesting loss of adaptability in a more selective environment. The 134 soil-and water-type isolates had 11 positive characters, and 9 others almost always positive. On this basis, and adopting the view that all these characters merit equal emphasis (see Tanner, 1918; Sneath, 1957a, b) it is thought that further divisions into subgroups (species?) are not justified, and that these characters should be used to describe accurately P. fluorescens Migula 1894. A definition of this species is suggested.

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Section: Cy T Olugical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens

Rhodes

1959

Journal of General Microbiology

184

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“…Antibiotic sensitivity For the computer study, the sensitivity of each strain to penicillin and terramycin was tested, using 'Sentest' tablets (Shewan, Hodgkiss & Liston, 1954). Later, a selection of strains was examined by the gradient plating technique of Szybalski (1952).…”

Section: J T H O R N L E Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Taxonomic Study of Acinetobacter and Related Genera

Thornley

1967

Journal of General Microbiology

125

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“…They were also tested for sensitivity to penicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, oxy te trac ycline and a vibriostatic substance (2:4-diamino-6:7-diisopropylpteridine) as described by Shewan, Hodgkiss & Liston (1954); these tests were conducted at 20'. The antibiotic plates were read after 24 hr.…”

Section: Treatment Of Jishmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bacterial Flora of the Skin of North Sea Cod

Georgala¹

1958

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY: Monthly bacterial counts over a 2-year period provided evidence of a seasonal variation in the numbers of bacteria on the skin of North Sea cod. The variations appeared to be connected with plankton outbursts. The temperature of the sea did not have any great effect, except that the proportion of the population capable of growth at 0' was highest when the sea temperature was a t its lowest. The composition of the bacterial flora, determined by isolation of colonies from count plates after incubation at 20°, was : Pseudomonas 44 yo, Achromobacter 32 yo, Corynebacterium 9 %, Plavobacterium 6%, Vibrio 6%, Micrococcus 1 %, miscellaneous 2 %. When isolations were made after incubation at Oo, strains of the last four genera were less frequently encountered. Some evidence was also obtained of a seasonal variation in the qualitative composition of the flora, Achromobacter and luminous strains appearing more frequently in the winter while Pseudomonas strains increased in the summer. The flora of cod is similar to those of other species of North Sea fish examined by earlier workers ; the species of the fish does not appear to play an important role in determining the composition of the skin flora.

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A Method for the Rapid Differentiation of Certain Non-pathogenic, Asporogenous Bacilli

Cited by 136 publications

References 3 publications

The Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens

The Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens

A Taxonomic Study of Acinetobacter and Related Genera

The Bacterial Flora of the Skin of North Sea Cod

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