A method for testing accuracy of the calibration standards based on reciprocity conditions of the error network

Abstract

A method to define the accuracy of the known data of the calibration standards, presented in this article, is based on the reciprocity conditions of the error parameters. It can be seen that any error in calibration standards' definition leads to increasing apparent nonreciprocity in the error terms of passive test fixtures. It is an easy method to check the accuracy of the known data of the standards without any extra measurements or calculations. The method is demonstrated by simulations and wideband two‐tier on‐wafer measurements. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1036–1040, 2014