A method for spark rejection in ultraviolet flame detectors

Pauchard, A.; Manić, D.; Flanagan, A.; Besse, P.‐A.; Popović, R.S.

doi:10.1109/41.824139

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When the photodetector is exposed to IR radiation, the photocurrent I IR of the IR photodiode is from the parasitic photocurrent I UV produced by the UV photodiode. [4] Thus the photocurrent response of this photodetector decreases in the IR range, and a clean photocurrent I ph = I UV − I IR is achieved. smaller to achieve a high UV selectivity.…”

Section: Structure and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 94%

“…It is widely used in biology, medicine, flame detection, space-to-space communications, and environmental monitoring. [1][2][3][4][5] The operation principle behind these applications is that a detector transforms the response produced by the weak light signal in a narrow wavelength range into an electrical signal to realize the acquisition of the signal. Therefore, the device should at least have high sensitivity and high wavelength selectivity for achieving a better performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IR photodiode is 15 times smaller than the UV one and is used to decrease the photocurrent response of the photodetector when illuminated in the IR range. [4] A smart combination of UV and IR photodiodes makes the proposed photodetector not only sensitive to the UV radiation, but also have a higher UV-selectivity than the traditional siliconbased single UV photodiode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel integrated ultraviolet photodetector based on standard CMOS process

et al. 2015

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A novel integrated ultraviolet (UV) photodetector has been proposed, which realizes a high UV selectivity by combining a conventional UV-selective photodiode with an extra infrared (IR) photodiode. The IR photodiode is designed for compensating the photocurrent response of the UV photodiode in the infrared band and is 15 times smaller than the UV one. The integrated photodetector has been fabricated in a 0.35 μm standard CMOS technology. Some critical performance indices of this new structure photodetector, such as spectral responsivity, breakdown voltage, quenching waveform, and transient response, are measured and analyzed. Test results show that the complementary UV–IR photodetector has a maximum spectral responsivity of 0.27 A·W−1 at the wavelength of 400 nm. The device has a high UV selectivity of 3000, which is much higher than that of the single UV photodiode.

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Section: Structure and Operation Principlementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel integrated ultraviolet photodetector based on standard CMOS process

et al. 2015

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“…Fire detectors are divided into a heat detector, a smoke detector, and a flame detector depending on the target products generated during the combustion reaction. − Among them, the flame detector has been spotlighted as the most reliable and responsive fire detector currently developed . Flame detectors are further subdivided into the ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and complex types according to the target emission spectrum. In the case of an IR optical flame detector, its working principle is detecting the resonance radiation of carbon dioxide molecules during combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Titanate Orthorhombic Perovskite-Nickel Oxide Solar-Blind UVC Photodetectors with Unprecedented Long-Term Stability Exceeding 500 Days and Their Applications to Real-Time Flame Detection

et al. 2022

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In recent years, the rapid increase in fire frequency has led to demands for efficient fire monitoring systems. To realize sensitive and large-area fire monitoring, flame sensing based on an ultraviolet C (UVC) photodetector can be considered as a promising approach. However, the challenges such as the high-cost process, limited selection of photoactive materials with an appropriate band gap, inefficient power consumption, stability issues, and environmental noise interference restrict the development of UVC photodetectors (PDs) for practical flame safeguard applications. Here, we demonstrate flame detection with a UVC PD based on an ultrawide band gap calcium titanate (CTO) and nickel oxide (NiO) heterostructure. The proposed PD achieves a high solar-blinded rejection ratio (at UVC light/UVA light) of 2.9 × 10 4 , on/off switching current ratio of 120 A/A under UVC light and dark state, robust and stable operation longer than 1 year (502 days), and specific detectivity as high as 4.44 × 10 11 Jones under zero-voltage bias operation. During the flame combustion, the CTO/NiO UVC PD exhibits a systematic real-time output voltage change with flame intensity variation, which opens up new possibilities for rapid and accurate fire detection.

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“…In [ 5 ], a silicon micro-structure to detect micro-flames is presented, but, due to the small size of the structure, it is difficult to implement it in large industrial applications. In [ 6 , 7 ] an ultraviolet (UV) sensor is used to detect a flame. The UV sensor has low reliability because the phototube applied as a detection device can easily become detached; furthermore, the UV sensor is temperature sensitive, so complex mechanical parts are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An LMS Programming Scheme and Floating-Gate Technology Enabled Trimmer-Less and Low Voltage Flame Detection Sensor

Iglesias-Rojas

Gómez-Castañeda

Moreno-Cadenas

2017

Sensors

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In this paper, a Least Mean Square (LMS) programming scheme is used to set the offset voltage of two operational amplifiers that were built using floating-gate transistors, enabling a 0.95 VRMS trimmer-less flame detection sensor. The programming scheme is capable of setting the offset voltage over a wide range of values by means of electron injection. The flame detection sensor consists of two programmable offset operational amplifiers; the first amplifier serves as a 26 μV offset voltage follower, whereas the second amplifier acts as a programmable trimmer-less voltage comparator. Both amplifiers form the proposed sensor, whose principle of functionality is based on the detection of the electrical changes produced by the flame ionization. The experimental results show that it is possible to measure the presence of a flame accurately after programming the amplifiers with a maximum of 35 LMS-algorithm iterations. Current commercial flame detectors are mainly used in absorption refrigerators and large industrial gas heaters, where a high voltage AC source and several mechanical trimmings are used in order to accurately measure the presence of the flame.

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A method for spark rejection in ultraviolet flame detectors

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

A novel integrated ultraviolet photodetector based on standard CMOS process

A novel integrated ultraviolet photodetector based on standard CMOS process

Calcium Titanate Orthorhombic Perovskite-Nickel Oxide Solar-Blind UVC Photodetectors with Unprecedented Long-Term Stability Exceeding 500 Days and Their Applications to Real-Time Flame Detection

An LMS Programming Scheme and Floating-Gate Technology Enabled Trimmer-Less and Low Voltage Flame Detection Sensor

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