A method for simultaneous estimation of groundwater evapotranspiration and inflow rates in the discharge area using seasonal water table fluctuations

Jiang, Xiao‐Wei; Sun, Zhichao; Zhao, Ke; Shi, Fu-Sheng; Wan, Li; Wang, Xusheng; Shi, Zheming

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.026

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…e pressuredominated GWL cycles are closely related to the fluctuations of atmospheric pressure in each season, and the valley and peak values of GWL correspond to the maximum and minimum air pressure throughout the day, respectively. Similar to the GWL diurnal fluctuations observed by Jiang et al [50], air pressure reached a maximum at approximately 10 : 00 am each day when the water level was the lowest. Conversely, the pressure was lowest at 3 : 00 pm when GWL reached its maximum.…”

Section: Limitations and Observations On Applying The Proposed Methodsupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimation of Groundwater Evapotranspiration Using Diurnal Groundwater Level Fluctuations under Three Vegetation Covers at the Hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Advances in Meteorology

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Accurate estimation of groundwater evapotranspiration (ETG) is the key for regional water budget balance and ecosystem restoration research in hyper-arid regions. Methods that use diurnal groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations have been applied to various ecosystems, especially in arid or semi-arid environments. In this study, groundwater monitoring devices were deployed in ten lake basins at the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert, and the White method was used to estimate the ETG of these sites under three main vegetation covers. The results showed that regular diurnal fluctuations in GWL occurred only at sites with vegetation coverage and that vegetation types and their growth status were the direct causes of this phenomenon. On a seasonal scale, the amplitudes of diurnal GWL fluctuations are related to vegetation phenology, and air temperature is an important factor controlling phenological amplitude differences. The estimation results using the White method revealed that the ETG rates varied among the observation sites with different vegetation types, and the months with the highest ETG rates were also different among the sites. Overall, ETG was 600∼900 mm at observation sites with Phragmites australis during a growing season (roughly early May to late October), 600∼650 mm in areas with Achnatherum splendens, and 500∼650 mm in areas with Nitraria tangutorum and Achnatherum splendens. Depth to water table and potential evapotranspiration jointly control the ETG rates, while the influence of these two factors varied, depending on the specific vegetation conditions of each site. This study elucidated the relationship between diurnal GWL fluctuations and vegetation in desert groundwater-recharged lake basins and expanded the application of the White method, providing a new basis for the calculation and simulation of regional water balance.

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Section: Limitations and Observations On Applying The Proposed Methodsupporting

confidence: 82%

Estimation of Groundwater Evapotranspiration Using Diurnal Groundwater Level Fluctuations under Three Vegetation Covers at the Hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Advances in Meteorology

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“…Because the SMPs are derived from long‐term SWC dynamics and the water table in the nongrowing season is continuously rising at a steady rate, which generally indicates a constant lateral recharge, we used a simple analysis approach introduced by Wang, Grinevsky, et al (2014) to estimate the average daily recharge rate during the growing season. The basic assumption of this approach is that lateral flow‐induced water table changes are independent of vertical evapotranspiration processes and the average daily recharge rate can be estimated by changes in the water table before and after the growing season (Wang, Grinevsky, et al, 2014; Jiang et al, ). Following this approach, the average recharge rate at the study site was estimated to be 0.06 mm/hr, which is close to the values determined in a previous analysis (Zhang, Yuan, Shao, Yi, & Du, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The White method simply uses a water-table hydrograph to estimate the daily ET g . The convenience and high performance of this method have contributed to its longevity (Mazur, Wiley, & Wilcox, 2014;Yin et al, 2013;Yue et al, 2016), and many improvements have been implemented (e.g., Gribovszki, Kalicz, Szilágyi, & Kucsara, 2008;Loheide, 2008;Soylu, Lenters, Istanbulluoglu, & Loheide, 2012;Yin et al, 2013;Wang, Grinevsky, et al, 2014;Jiang et al, 2017). However, some uncertainties still remain regarding the White method and its modifications (Acharya et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes using combined water level and soil moisture observations

Wang

et al. 2019

Ecohydrology

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One of the classical methods for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) by phreatophytes is based on diurnal water table fluctuations (WTFs). This method was initially introduced by White in 1932 and has recently been improved. However, vegetation‐induced disequilibrium between groundwater and capillary fringe (CF) water is not considered under White's assumptions. In this study, we propose an approach that considers root‐driven water depletion in the CF using the soil moisture profile (hereafter referred to as the SMP method). The SMP method is demonstrated to perform equally well for both long‐term water table rises and declines. The apparent advantages of the SMP method over traditional WTF‐based methods include its greater effectiveness in revealing physical mechanisms and its omission of specific yield determination. However, appropriately determining the boundary condition, which is related to active root‐zone thickness, is crucial for the SMP method. Further development of the SMP method requires a deeper understanding of the interactions among roots, groundwater, and soil moisture.

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“…The controls of well location and well depth on occurrence of flowing wells are consistent with field observations. For example, in the Ordos Plateau in China, it is very common that a shallow well in the discharge area taps the water table but a well drilled deep enough becomes a flowing well (Jiang et al, ), and there are numerous flowing wells near the groundwater‐fed rivers or lakes (Jiang et al, ; J. Z. Wang, Jiang, Wan, Wörman, et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on the occurrence of flowing wells in the discharge area of basins due to the upward hydraulic gradient induced wellbore flow

Zhang

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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The occurrence of flowing wells in basins has been found to be closely related to the discharge area with an upward hydraulic gradient. Unfortunately, previous studies on upward gradient induced wellbore flow with equaling total inflow (Q in ) in the deep and total outflow (Q out ) in the shallow could not explain the occurrence of flowing wells.By representing wells using the MNW2 Package imbedded in MODFLOW 2005, we obtain the exchange of groundwater between the aquifer and the well in the discharge area of 3D unit basins and identify three scenarios:well explains why flowing wells only develop in a limited part of the discharge area. Sensitivity analysis shows that well location, water table undulation, and basin length-depth ratio do not change the profile of the ratio of cumulative flow rate in a flowing well to total inflow (Q v /Q in ) versus the relative elevation in the inflow segment, z in *, but could significantly change the length of the inflow segment; well depth could change both the length of the inflow segment and the profile of Q v /Q in versus z in *. Based on the numerical results in homogeneous and isotropic basins with different basin length-depth ratios in the current study, the ratio of inflow in the lower half part of a flowing well to the total inflow is found to be at least 67% and could be close to 100%, indicating that water at the outlets of flowing wells with long open sections is mainly from the deep part of the well.

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A method for simultaneous estimation of groundwater evapotranspiration and inflow rates in the discharge area using seasonal water table fluctuations

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Estimation of Groundwater Evapotranspiration Using Diurnal Groundwater Level Fluctuations under Three Vegetation Covers at the Hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert

Estimation of Groundwater Evapotranspiration Using Diurnal Groundwater Level Fluctuations under Three Vegetation Covers at the Hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert

Estimating groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes using combined water level and soil moisture observations

A numerical study on the occurrence of flowing wells in the discharge area of basins due to the upward hydraulic gradient induced wellbore flow

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