A method for prevent water inrush from karst collapse column: a case study from Sima mine, China

Li, Hao; Bai, Haibo; Wu, Jianjun; Zhao, Huazhang; Ma, Kai

doi:10.1007/s12665-017-6831-2

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We injected high pressure water continuously into water injection hole (P01 or P03) and observed the water flow from the observation hole (P02), the permeability of rock mass between the two holes can be determined [7]. A plugging operation is required after the test to avoid interfering with the results of the "water pressure monitoring test".…”

Section: Connectivity Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the principle of damage mechanics [7], the Boit effective stress theory [8] can be expressed by σ t , p w , ε and the effective stress σ e , and the relation is shown in Equation (4):…”

Section: Plastic Damage-seepage Coupled Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a unique geological phenomenon in north China, karst collapse column (KCC), which is caused by the karst subsidence that occurs in Ordovician limestone caves, forms cone, barrel, inclined tower or irregular shapes [7], connects coal seams and aquifers (Figure 1), and may cause serious groundwater inrush disasters under the influence of the confined water pressure and the ground pressure, including axial pressure and confining pressure [8]. Between the 1950s to 1990s, people mainly study the formation process, distribution law and exploration method of KCC by geological and hydrogeological theories [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Cascade Disaster Caused by Geological and Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Factors—Water Inrush Mechanism from Karst Collapse Column under Confining Pressure

Bai

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:The water inrush from karst collapse column (KCC) is a cascading, vicious cycle disaster caused by geological and mining activities, that can cause serious casualties and property losses. The key to preventing this risk is to study the mechanism of water inrush under confining pressure. Aiming at the investigationg the characteristics of the KCC named X1 in Chensilou mine, a series of methods, including connectivity experiments, water pressure monitoring tests in two side-walls, and numerical simulations based on plastic damage-seepage (PD-S) theory have been developed. The methods are used to test the security of the 2519 mining area, the damage thickness, pore water pressure, and seepage vector in the X1. The results indicate that the X1 has a certain water blocking capacity. In addition, with the decrease of confining pressure and increase of shear stress, deviatoric stress could cause the increase of permeability, the reduction of strength, and the reduction of pore water pressure in KCC. Therefore the increased effective stress in the rock will force the rock to become more fractured. Conversely, the broken rock could cause the change of stress, and further initiate new plastic strains, damage and pore water pressure until a new equilibrium is reached. This cascading water inrush mechanism will contribute to the exploitation of deep coal resources in complex geological and hydrogeological conditions.

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Section: Connectivity Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plastic Damage-seepage Coupled Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Cascade Disaster Caused by Geological and Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Factors—Water Inrush Mechanism from Karst Collapse Column under Confining Pressure

Bai

et al. 2017

Energies

Self Cite

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“…e karst collapse pillar (KCP) is a concealed vertical geological phenomenon widespread in Carboniferous Permian coalfields in north China, which is caused by the karst subsidence that occurs in Ordovician limestone aquifers [1]. e cave gradually collapses under the gravity and penetrates the coal seam, eventually forming a plug-shaped geological structure ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation Study of Variable‐Mass Permeation of the Broken Rock Mass under Different Cementation Degrees

Yao

2018

Advances in Civil Engineering

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In order to analyze variable-mass permeation characteristics of broken rock mass under different cementation conditions and reveal the water inrush mechanism of geological structures containing broken rock masses like karst collapse pillars (KCPs) in the coal mine, the EDEM-FLUENT coupling simulation system was used to implement a numerical simulation study of variable-mass permeation of broken rock mass under different cementation conditions and time-dependent change laws of parameters like porosity, permeability, and mass loss rate of broken rock specimens under the erosion effect were obtained. Study results show that (1) permeability change of broken rock specimens under the particle migration effect can be divided into three phases, namely, the slow-changing seepage phase, sudden-changing seepage phase, and steady seepage phase. (2) Specimen fillings continuously migrate and run off under the water erosion effect, porosity and permeability rapidly increase and then tend to be stable, and the mass loss rate firstly rapidly increases and then gradually decreases. (3) Cementation degree has an important effect on permeability of broken rock mass. As cementing force of the specimen is enhanced, its maximum mass loss rate, mass loss, porosity, and permeability all continuously decrease. The study approach and results not only help enhance coal mining operations safety by better understanding KCP water inrush risks. It can also be extended to other engineering applications such as backfill paste piping and tailing dam erosion.

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“…In the past 60 years, more than 1,300 groundwater inrush accidents occurred in coal mines in China and many of these water inrushes were through a unique type of karst features known as paleo-collapse structures or paleo-collapse breccia pipes or karst collapse columns (used in this paper and abbreviated as KCC) (Li et al, 2017;Wu et al, 2013). These KCCs functioned as hydrogeologically conductive pathways for the groundwater flow from the Ordovician karst aquifer to working faces under mining influences (Zhou, 1997;Benson et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Remediation of Karst Collapse Columns for Mining Safety and Environmental Protection: A Case Study in Renlou Coal Mine, China

Dong¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

2018

ENRR

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Karst collapse columns are unique collapse structures in karst terranes. Coal mining in China has exposed numerous such features of tens of meters in diameter and hundreds of meters in height. Hydraulically conductive collapses functioned as groundwater pathways between underground workings and aquifers, resulting in water inrushes during coal mining. Over the last 60 years, water inrushes through these collapses have caused fatalities, economic losses, and degradation in the environment. Determination of locations and hydrogeological characteristics of the karst collapse columns are essential in preventing water inrush incidents through them. Advanced geophysical prospecting, directional drilling, aquifer testing and accompanied dye tracing are effective approaches to detecting and characterizing these structures. Five geophysical techniques consisting of both surface and underground geophysical surveys and directional drilling of three exploratory boreholes up to 986 m deep identified a concealed collapse feature of more than 135 m high in Renlou Coal Mine, China. The roof of the collapse feature was at approximately 785 m deep, and there was an open void of 1.5 -2 m high at the top. Geotechnical properties, results from packer testing and tracer testing, monitoring of potentiometric pressures, and geochemical fingerprinting suggested that this collapse column was hydraulically conductive and still actively developing. Water in the confined thin-bedded limestone and Ordovician limestone aquifer that either overlies or underlie coal seams could flow into the underground working areas if this feature were not identified in advance but encountered during mining. A grouting program was designed and implemented to construct a water plug in the collapse that effectively cut off the hydraulic connections from the aquifers to the underground workings. Successful construction of the water plug in the collapse was confirmed by performance monitoring of the aquifers.

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A method for prevent water inrush from karst collapse column: a case study from Sima mine, China

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

A Cascade Disaster Caused by Geological and Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Factors—Water Inrush Mechanism from Karst Collapse Column under Confining Pressure

A Cascade Disaster Caused by Geological and Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Factors—Water Inrush Mechanism from Karst Collapse Column under Confining Pressure

Numerical Simulation Study of Variable‐Mass Permeation of the Broken Rock Mass under Different Cementation Degrees

Characterization and Remediation of Karst Collapse Columns for Mining Safety and Environmental Protection: A Case Study in Renlou Coal Mine, China

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